Studi Literatur Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Tanaman Kemangi (Ocimum spp.) terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are bacteria that live in the human body, but when the immune system is weakened, they can become bacterial pathogens, causing serious infections. Ocimum spp. It is known to have antibacterial activity of antibacterial because it was conducted a study to see its potential. This study aimed to determine the potential antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of the basil plant ( Ocimum spp.) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Research on the potential antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of the basil plant ( Ocimum spp.) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was conducted using a literature study based on Systematic Literature Review. The study was conducted by searching for articles, selecting articles, extracting data and synthesizing. From the search results, it can be seen that the ethanolic extract of the basil plant ( Ocimum spp.) has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria with the formation of the diameter of the inhibition zone of the three species of Ocimum spp. namely Ocimum sanctum , Ocimum gratissimum , and Ocimum basilicum . Based on the value of the minimum inhibitory concentration of each species Ocimum spp., the MIC value of Ocimum gratissimum is smaller than that of Ocimum sanctum and Ocimum basilicum . Therefore, Ocimum gratissimum can be said to have better antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . Keywords:\xa0 Antibacterial, Ocimum sanctum , Ocimum gratissimum , Ocimum basilicum ABSTRAK: Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri yang hidup pada tubuh manusia namun ketika sistem imun melemah dapat menjadi bakteri patogen sehingga menyebabkan infeksi yang serius. Ocimum spp. diketahui memliki aktivitas antibakteri oleh karena itu dilakukan kajian untuk melihat potensi antibakterinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui potensi aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol tanaman kemangi ( Ocimum spp.) terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus . Penelitian potensi aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol tanaman kemangi ( Ocimum spp.) terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus dilakukan dengan studi literatur berbasis Systematic Literature Review. Kajian dilakukan dengan pencarian artikel, pemilihan arttikel, ekstraksi dan sintesis data serta pelaporan. Dari hasil penelusuran pustaka dapat diketahui bahwa ekstrak etanol tanaman kemangi ( Ocimum spp.) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli dengan terbentuknya diameter zona hambat dari ketiga spesies Ocimum spp. yakni Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum gratissimum, serta Ocimum basilicum . Berdasarkan nilai konsentrasi hambat minimum dari masing – masing spesies Ocimum spp., nilai KHM Ocimum gratissimum lebih kecil dibandingkan Ocimum sanctum dan Ocimum basilicum. Oleh karena itu, Ocimum gratissimum dapat dikatakan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri lebih baik terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli . Kata Kunci: Antibakteri, Ocimum sanctum , Ocimum gratissimum , Ocimum basilicum