Archive | 2019
Сибирская язва в Восточно-Казахстанской области
Abstract
Almost every year in Kazakhstan, cases of diseases of animals and people with anthrax are recorded. The incidence\xa0rate of people with anthrax in the period from 2000 to 2018 ranged from 0.01 to 0.24 per 100 thousand people. In the\xa0territory of the East Kazakhstan region, the incidence rate is higher than in the republic. Objective : a retrospective analysis of anthrax outbreaks in the East Kazakhstan region from 2000 to 2018. Methods : a retrospective analysis using statistical, cadastral data, archival funds, the results of participation in the\xa0investigation of outbreaks of infection. Results. Since 1938, cases of animal and human disease of anthrax have been recorded in East Kazakhstan. Infection\xa0of humans occurs during the slaughter of animals. In Zharma, Urjar, and Ayagozskiy areas most of all are anthrax foci\xa0of soil. In 67 % of cases, outbreaks of anthrax were recorded in these areas. Conclusion. The relative incidence rate of anthrax in people in East Kazakhstan is from 0.07 to 0.27, since 2001 it is\xa0higher than the republican indicator. In the East Kazakhstan region from 1997 to 2018, 37 people fell ill with anthrax. The form of the disease is skin, in 8.1 %\xa0secondary sepsis. In the remaining patients, the diseases were mild (70.3 %), ended in recovery. The source of human\xa0infection is mainly cattle. The isolated strains of B. anthracis have typical properties, they are included in cluster A1a, A3b\xa0(MLVA-8). The strains isolated in 2016 are similar to the strains isolated in the Almaty region (MLVA-25). Grouped with\xa0a number of European, Asian and African strains from France, Germany, Italy, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Korea and Namibia.\xa0The presence of a significant number of soil foci of anthrax in the territory of the East Kazakhstan region, not fully the\xa0implementation of veterinary and sanitary preventive measures leads to an exacerbation of the situation for anthrax.