AGROBIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL BASES OF PRODUCTIVITY INCREASE AND GENETIC POTENTIAL IMPLEMENTATION OF NEW BUCKWHEAT CULTIVARS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NORTHEASTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE

Abstract

In the research, agrobiological features of growth, development and productivity of different buckwheat morphotypes cultivars depending on the action and interaction of studied agronomic cultivation factors are studied. The conditions for buckwheat cultivars productivity elements formation are determined. The dynamics of plants photosynthetic surface formation of buckwheat cultivars under influence of mineral nutrition level, biopreparation, growth regulator and microfertilizer are investigated. The comparative estimation of buckwheat production modern methods efficiency is given. \nSelyanochka cultivar variant with complex use of seeds treatment with biopreparation, microfertilizer and application of growth regulator in the phase of budding, on the background of mineral fertilizers use (N16P16K16+N15) formed maximum yield -2.20 t/ha, increase from fertilizers use-+0.42 t/ha, from combination ofbiopreparation, microfertilizer and growth regulator-+0.27 t/ha. \nThe highest yield level of Slobozhanka cultivar (1.92 t/ha) was formed in the variant mineral fertilizers’application (N30P45K45+N15) into the rows, increase was-+0.41 t/ha comparable to control. The use of growth regulator Sodium humate also provided yield increase (+0.19 t/ha). \n \nKeywords: Buckwheat; microbial preparations; microhumin; sodium humate; mineral fertilizers; cultivars \n \nReferences: \nYefimenko, D. Y., & Yashovskyj, I. V. (1992). Buckwheat and millet in intensive crop rotations. K.: Urozay, p: 168. \nKarpenko, V. P. (2012). Biological bases of integrated action of herbicides and plant growth regulators. Uman: Sorochinsky, p: 357. \nMashenko, Y. V. (2009). Influence of fertilizer systems and effective microorganisms on the productivity of buckwheat in the conditions of the northern Steppe of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Institute of Grain Farming, 37, 26-30. \nBobyk, V. V., & Mykhaylova, O. O. (1987). About the influence of meteorological factors and terms on the yield of buckwheat in Ukraine. Ukrainian Regional Hydrometeorological Center of the Research Institute, pp: 37-41. \nMethodological guidelines for conducting field research and identifying the technology of growing crops (2001). Chabany: NSC, Institute of Agricrop of NAAS, p: 22. \nArmor, B. A. (1985). Field experiment technique. M.: Kolos, p: 415. \nMethod of conducting examination and state testing of plants cultivars of cerealsand legumes. State Service for the Protection of the Rights of Plant Cultivars. Kyiv, 2(3), 2014. \nGavrylyanchik, R. Y. (2001). Performance of buckwheat depending on precursors and bacterial fertilizers. Collection of scientific works of the Podilsky State Agricultural and Technical Academy. Kamyanets-Podilsky: Abetka, 9, 140-142. \nRadchenko, M. V., Butenko, A. O., & Hlupak, Z. I. (2018). The influence of fertilizer system and efficacy of growth regulator on buckwheat productivity under the conditions of north-east forest steppe of Ukraine. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 8(2), 89-94. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2018_314 (Web of Science (Emerging Sources Citation Index). \nTrotsenko, V. I., & Ilchenko, V. O. (2013). The yield of hulled oats varieties depending on mineral fertilizers and bacterial preparation. Visnyk of Sumy NAU, series “Agronomy and Biology”. Sumy, 11(26), 96-100.\xa0 \nAlekseeva, E. S. (1992). Biohumus at buckwheat. Reportat II International Congress. Bioconversion of Organic Waste of the National Economy and Environmental Protection. Ivano-Frankivsk, p: 67. \nSharafetdinov, U. I. (2003). Influence of biological preparations on yield and quality of grain of spring wheat in the conditions of the Volgo-Vyatka region: PhD dissertation “Plant production”. Nizhniy Novgorod, p: 22. \nShevchenko, A. O. (1998). Regulators of growth. Fundamentally new and highly effective element of agricultural technology. Plant Protection, 1, 17-19. \nShkurikhina, A. K. (1971). Formation of yield and mineral nutrition of plants. Ufa, p: 228. \nNychyporovych, A. A. (1956). Photosynthesis and the theory of obtaining high yields.