PENGARUH PERENDAMAN EKSTRAK DAUN MANGROVE (Sonneratia caseolaris) TERHADAP PENILAIAN MUTU ORGANOLEPTIK IKAN KUWE (Gnathanodon speciosus) SEGAR

Abstract

Fish is a comestible that is inclined to the deterioration of quality, especially by the activity of rotting microorganisms. One of the efforts to obstruct the decline in fish quality by using natural ingredients, namely mangrove leaves. This study aims to determine the utilization of mangrove leaf extract (Sonneratia caseolaris) on the organoleptic quality of fresh golden trevally fish (Gnathanodon speciosus). The research was conducted in March 2020 at the Marine Hatchery Laboratory and Processing Workshop SUPM in Waiheru Ambon. The research used a laboratory experimental method with several stages, these were sample preparation, mangrove leaf extract preparation, immersion of golden trevally fish in mangrove leaf extract, storage, and analysis of organoleptic assessment data. Organoleptic assessments including eyes, gills, body surface slime, meat (color and appearance), smell and texture were carried out every 6 hours until the quality of the fish was rejected by the panelists. The results showed that soaking mangrove leaf extract can inhibit microbial growth in fish. The concentrations of mangrove leaf extract 2% and 4% could lengthen the shelf life of fresh golden trevally fish at room temperature for 6 hours longer than the control. In addition, the mangrove leaf extract immersion treatment can maintain the organoleptic value of fish. In conclusion, the results of the organoleptic quality assessment of fresh golden trevally fish (Gnathanodon speciosus) in soaking treatment of mangrove leaf extract (Sonneratia caseolaris) with a concentration of 2%-4% can maintain the shelf life of golden trevally fish. This is due to the role of secondary metabolic compounds contained in mangrove leaves which can inhibit microbial growth. \n\xa0 \nABSTRAK \nIkan merupakan bahan pangan yang sangat mudah mengalami kemunduran mutu terutama oleh aktivitas mikroorganisme pembusuk. Salah satu upaya untuk menghambat penurunan mutu ikan dengan menggunakan bahan alami yaitu daun mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan ekstrak daun mangrove (Sonneratia caseolaris) terhadap mutu organoleptik ikan kuwe (Gnathanodon speciosus) segar. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2020 di Laboratorium Hatchery Laut dan Workshop Pengolahan SUPM Waiheru Ambon. Penelitian menggunakan metode experimental laboratories dengan tahapan-tahapan yaitu persiapan sampel, preparasi ekstrak daun mangrove, perendaman ikan kuwe dalam esktrak daun mangrove, penyimpanan, serta analisa data penilaian organoleptik. Penilaian organoleptik meliputi mata, insang, lendir permukaan badan, daging (warna dan kenampakan), bau serta tekstur dilakukan setiap 6 jam sekali sampai mutu ikan ditolak oleh panelis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perendaman ekstrak daun mangrove dapat menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba pada ikan. Konsentrasi ekstrak daun mangrove 2% dan 4% dapat memperpanjang daya simpan ikan kuwe segar pada suhu kamar 6 jam lebih lama dibandingkan kontrol. Disamping itu, perlakuan perendaman ekstrak daun mangrove dapat mempertahankan nilai organoleptik ikan. Kesimpulannya Hasil penilaian mutu organoleptik ikan kuwe (Gnathanodon speciosus) segar dalam perlakuan perendaman ekstrak daun mangrove (Sonneratia caseolaris) dengan konsentrasi 2%-4% dapat mempertahankan daya simpan ikan kuwe. Hal ini disebabkan peran senyawa metabolik sekunder yang terkandung pada daun mangrove yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba. \n\xa0 \nKata Kunci: Sonneratia caseolaris, Gnathanodon speciosus, organoleptik, daun mangrove, ekstrak