Diabetes Increases the Incidence of Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease; A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a systemic neurodegenerative disorder, affecting dopaminergic interactions inside the basal ganglia; finally, it results in an intermittent transfer of unwanted stimulatory signals into the corticospinal tract and disease manifestations. The corticospinal tract is the final affected portion of dopaminergic neurons through inhibition or stimulation of thalamic stimulatory signals to the motor cortex as a result of basal ganglia neuronal interactions (1-3).