Генетична структура корів української червоно-рябої молочної породи за комплексом генотипів GH, CSN3 та BLG

Abstract

Goal. To study the influence of complex genetic variants (GH, CSN3, and BLG) on the level of the milk yield and the composition of milk in the cows of the Ukrainian red-speckled dairy breed. Methods. The object of research was the cows of the firstborn of the Ukrainian red-speckled dairy breed from the state enterprise “Research farm “Niva” of M. Zubets Institute of animal breeding and genetics of NAAS”. Mono-nucleotide polymorphism on GH, CSN3, and VLG genes was studied by PCR-PDRF using specific primers and restrictazes. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood leukocytes according to the standard technique. PCR was carried out on the amplifier “Tercik”. The number and length of the restriction fragments were determined by electrophoresis in a 3% agarose gel. Results. Polymorphism of GH, CSN3, and BLG genes in the Ukrainian red-speckled dairy breed is determined. CHLL genotype was found in 80% of the tested cows, CHLV\xa0— in 13%, and CHVV\xa0— in 3%. 53% of cows had genotype CSN3AA, 46% — heterozygous genotype CSN3AB, while homozygous genotype CSN3BV was not detected in any of the animals studied. The frequency of the BlGAA genotype was 25.1%, BlGAV\xa0— 36.6, BlGVV\xa0— 38.3%. In the sum, almost 75% of cows had the desired Allele B. 7 variants of 18 theoretically possible comprehensive genotypes were revealed in the investigated livestock. The search for the associative link of complex polymorphic variants of these genes with parameters of dairy productivity was carried out. A high level of milk yield was observed in a group of animals with a comprehensive GHLV/CSN3AB/BLGBB genotype. A larger share of fat in milk was in the firstborn with a complex genotype GHLL/CSN3AA/BLGAB\xa0— 3.80%, of protein\xa0— in cows with genotype GHLL/CSN3AB/BLGAA\xa0— 3.57%. Conclusions. The results of the study of dairy productivity indicate that the most productive animals are the carriers of complex genotypes: GHLV/CSN3AB/BLGBB\xa0— on milk yield, GHLL/CSN3AA/BLGAB\xa0— on the share of fat in milk, GHLL/CSN3AB/BLGAA\xa0— on the share of protein in milk.