Archive | 2019
Sleep Disordered Breathing in Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Association with Diabetic Retinopathy: Single Center Study
Abstract
Introduction: Sleep-disordered breathing comprises of obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea, and periodic breathing. There is a link between obesity diabetes and sleep apnea with its association\xa0with retinopathy. Therefore this study was done to find out the association of sleep-disordered breathing\xa0in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and association with retinopathy.Materials and Methods: This study was done from 2015 September to 2018 September in Sleep\xa0center, Nepal.\xa0 Patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. Diabetes mellitus\xa0was diagnosed as blood sugar fasting ≥ 126mg/dl, or blood sugar postprandial ≥200mg/dl and\xa0glycosylated hemoglobin above 6.5%. Obstructive sleep apnea risk was determined using the STOP-BANG\xa0questionnaire. Relationships between the risk of Obstructive sleep apnea and clinical variables\xa0along with its association with diabetic retinopathy were evaluated using bivariate analyses and\xa0covariate-adjusted logistic regression models.Results:\xa0A total of 150 diabetic patients were analyzed. Among them 30 (20.0%) patients had mild\xa0Obstructive sleep apnea, 14 (9.3%) patients had moderate Obstructive sleep apnea and 15 (10.0%)\xa0patients had severe sleep apnea. Among patients with diabetes mellitus on multivariate regression\xa0analysis Obstructive sleep apnea was associated with diabetes mellitus OR 2.05, 95% CI (1.69-\xa08.83) and diabetic retinopathy OR 1.20 (0.67-5.89).Conclusions: This study concludes that those individuals having diabetes may be suffering from\xa0obstructive sleep apnea and association with retinopathy these individuals can be considered for the screening of sleep-disordered breathing by polysomnography.