Profile of PD-L1 mRNA Expression in Childhood Acute Leukemia

Abstract

Leukemia is most common cancer in children with high mortality rate. Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) and Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) are 2 major types in pediatric leukemia [1]. Survival rates have improved in children with leukemia due to advances in treatment and supportive care [2]. However, rate of survival in childhood leukemia is still low in developing countries including in Indonesia [3]. Standard therapy for children with leukemia such as radiation and chemotherapy is not effective enough especially for those who faced resistant or recurrent cancers [4-5]. Patients with refractory, high-grade, recurrent or metastatic disease are still undergone extremely poor outcomes [2]. Therefore, novel therapy to treat childhood cancer is needed to improve patient’s outcome. Immunotherapy has emerged as an effective cancer treatment. CAR T cell therapy is one type of immunotherapy Abstract