ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ АРХИТЕКТУРЫ «СТАЛИНСКОГО АМПИРА» В ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ

Abstract

Understanding of the Stalinist Empire style allows finding an alternative to postmodernism architecture in the conditions of the current crisis of the Russian civilization. The aim of this work is to characterize the architectural style of the Western Siberian cities and show the general and particular character in its consecutive development. Theoretical prerequisites for this work lie in the fact that the general paradigm of Stalinist Empire style was formed during the proletarian cultural revolution, i.e. realization of the collectivism principle and associated creative remaking of the architectural heritage. Stalinist Empire style in the Western Siberia represents the economic regional analogue of such a collectivist architectural synthesis of traditions and innovations. The architectural genesis of the Stalinist Empire style is considered by means of the systems and sociogenetic approaches. The genetic approach to the Stalinist Empire style is used to describe three stages: genesis, differentiation and integration. This triad expresses the main tendencies in the development of the Stalinist Empire style in Western Siberia with a gradual approximation to the increasingly rigid type of the architectural environment. It is concluded that the Stalinist Empire style represents a polystylistic synthesis of traditions and innovations, such as neoclassicism and constructivism, order and extraorder forms, collectivism and statehood based on the conceptual continuity of the world, national and regional style directions. The internal and external forms of the Stalinist Empire style are functionalism, neoclassicism and art deco. The Stalinist Empire style is aesthetic, expressive and consecutive in all its analogues. It is characterized by a clearly defined trend to beauty, dynamic stability and architectural organization. This relates also to the Western Siberian variant that achieves a stronger artistic effect in the paper architecture. The pedagogical socially-organizational function of the Stalinist Empire style is upbringing of new personality. The specific character of the Stalinist Empire style in Western Siberia is greater combination, rigidity and structuredness of the architectural environment as a result of negative system selection from unfavorable conditions. The Stalinist Empire style of metropolitan is a discrete system, while that of Western Siberia is a rigid system.