Endometrial Receptivity In Art Cycles: A Review On Different Aspects Of Improvement

Abstract

Background: 65% of the causes of infertility are related to female factors. Receptive endometrium is essential for a successful pregnancy. In ART cycles, receptivity is not achieved optimally. \nMain body: Uterine receptivity is the ability of the uterus to accept a competent blastocyst. The factors affecting endometrial receptivity include: hormonal, genetic and immunological factors. During the receptive phase, different changes occur in endometrium (Cytoskeletal, biochemical and genetic). This review article discusses the interventions that can improve the uterine receptivity in ART cycles. \nConclusion: PRP has growth factor and anti-inflammatory properties. It is safe and it has positive effects on endometrial receptivity. Endometrial scratching may be associated with the secretion of growth factors and cytokines involved in the wound healing process and may also contribute to enhancing the embryo implantation. Acupuncture is effective as a complimentary medicine and should be used along with routine medical approaches. Medications like aspirin, growth hormone and heparin that are used in ART cycles improve the receptivity. Use of stem cells in human is limited and although they have positive effects on animals, they have a long way to be safe enough to be used for human. Nutritional supplements like Carnitines, vitamin E and melatonin seems to be safe and effective in endometrial receptivity. In FET cycles, developmental synchrony between the embryo and uterus is maintained. Endometrial receptivity assay (ERA) was introduced as an accurate molecular tool to determine the endometrial receptivity status.