Эффекты фазовых сдвигов чрескожной электрической стимуляции спинного мозга на кинематические характеристики шагательных движений у человека

Abstract

Transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the spinal cord (ScTS) was carried out in different phases of the stepping cycle in order to control the kinematic parameters of the step in healthy subjects walking on a treadmill. ScTS at the T11-T12 level during swing phase activated the flexor motor pools and caused change of the motion amplitude in hip, knee, and ankle joints as well as increased the height of the leg elevation. Stimulation at the L1-L2 level at the stance phase, addressed to the extensor motor pools, did not affect the kinematics of stepping movements. Shift in the beginning of T11-T12 stimulation to 100-150 ms before the initiation of the swing phase or its prolongation by 100 ms after the end of it caused significant changes in the kinematics of the movements. Essential for the start of stimulation is the moment of pushing the foot off the support a little earlier the transfer phase. Prolongation the stimulation period in transfer phase allows to increase ankle joint flexion. The choice of the optimal algorithm of the phase-dependent ScTS for activation of the flexor and extensor motor pools during the stepping cycle increases the efficiency of stimulation in motor functions rehabilitation techniques.