General characteristics and regional differences of migration processes in the Far East of Russia in the Post-Soviet period

Abstract

The article analyzes regional features of migration processes dynamics of in the Far East of Russia in the post-Soviet period (1992–2016). Indicators of migration intensity for migrant arrivals and departures, migration effectiveness and impact of migration flows on the whole Far Eastern region and its subjects were considered. It is shown that until 1997 in the Far East’s migration turnover the largest share of migrants moved within Russia (excluding Far Eastern federal subjects), however, since 2000 to the present time, the intraregional flow of migrants exceeds the total share of interregional and international migrants. As part of the assessment of internal labor migration, federal subjects of the Far East with maximum and minimum sizes of population engaged in labor activity outside the region of residence were identified. The study of the dynamics and territorial structure of international labor migration for the period 2010–2015 reflects the loss of the Far East leading positions in the number of attracted labor immigrants among the federal districts of the Russian Federation. It is established that in most federal subjects the number of migrants working based on patents prevails. Formation of various approaches at the federal and regional levels to the practice of attracting migrants to the labor market in the Far East is shown based on the analysis of the implemented measures of migration policy from 2013 to 2017.