An Automated Electronic Screening Tool (DETECT) for the Detection of Potentially Irreversible Loss of Brain Function.

Abstract

BACKGROUND\nA major reason for the low number of organ donors in Germany is a deficit in the recognition of patients who may have impending irreversible loss of brain function (ILBF) in hospitals capable of organ retrieval.\n\n\nMETHODS\nWe used anonymized data from the German Organ Procurement Organization (Deutsche Stiftung Organtransplantation, DSO) to compare two 12-month periods (a reference period and an evaluation period) before and after the implementation of an electronic screening tool (DETECT) at the University Hospital Dresden (UKD) with four other university hospitals without tool implementation (comparative cohort). DETECT is intended to aid in the recognition of potentially impending ILBF. The study endpoints encompassed patients with potentially unrecognized ILBF, patients with recognized ILBF, organ donations performed, and reports to the DSO. Changes in absolute risk were compared with Breslow-Day tests.\n\n\nRESULTS\n309 patients who died with primary or secondary brain lesions were identified in the UKD in the reference and evaluation periods (164 and 145 patients, respectively), and 1060 (529, 531) in the comparative cohort. In the UKD, the number of unrecognized cases of possibly impending ILBF was 14/164 (8.54%) in the reference period and 1/145 (0.69%) in the evaluation period, yielding an absolute reduction of 7.85% (95% confidence interval [-3.36; -12.33]); by contrast, in the comparative cohort, there was a 0.55% absolute increase between the two periods ([-2.21; 3.30]; p = 0.002 for the comparison between the two cohorts). Only minor differences in absolute risk change were seen with regard to the probability of recognized ILBF (7.09% [0.29; 13.88] vs. 2.42% [1.18; 6.01]; p = 0.234), organ donation (4.70% [-0.89; 10.28] vs. 0.55% [-2.17; 3.26]; p = 0.214), or reporting to the DSO (4.17% [-1.77; 10.11] vs. 2.22% [-1.44; 5.89; p = 0.447); these changes may have arisen by chance.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nThese findings suggest that the use of DETECT can help to reduce the deficit in the recognition of patients with impending or manifest ILBF.