Gendola Leaf Ethyl Acetate Fraction (Basella rubra Linn) Reduces Spermatozoa Motility and Viability in Vitro

Abstract

Background. The use of plants as anti-fertility in men has been done to reduce side effects. The Gendola plant is one of the Basellaceae family plants, which is a natural medicinal plant in Indonesia. Gendola leaves contain phenol compounds, flavonoids, tannins, steroids and triterpenoids which can have cytotoxic activity. This study aims to determine the in vitro anti sperm activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of Gendola leaves on male spermatozoa. Methods. This study is an experimental laboratory in vitro study using male sperm preparations. The sample used was 20 men for each group, both the group was given the gondola leaf fraction and the control group. The treatment group was given ethyl acetate fraction of Gendola leaves (Basella rubra Linn.) With a concentration of 0.05% for 5, 10 and 15 minutes, the viability and motility of sperm were calculated. Data analysis was performed using the Mann Whitney test (p <0.05) using SPSS release for Windows software. Results. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction affected the motility and viability of spermatozoa. When compared with the control group, the motility treatment group obtained was classified as non-progressive. In the treatment group, the viability of spermatozoa was significantly different at minute 5, minute 10 and minuted 15 (p <0.05). Conclusion. Ethyl acetate fraction has potential as an anti sperm in reducing sperm motility and viability.