Pelaksanaan Perawatan Kesehatan Masyarakat dalam Rangka Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga

Abstract

Pembangunan di bidang kesehatan, diupayakan melalui Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS PK), yang diaplikasikan dalam kegiatan perawatan kesehatan masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifiaksi pelaksanaan perawatan kesehatan masyarakat yang bersinergi terhadap PIS PK. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan metode mixed method . Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional , menggunakan sampel sebesar 110 dan diambil secara cluster sampling . Instrumen menggunakan format pelaksanaan perkesmas yang terdiri dari kunjungan untuk pendataan, promosi kesehatan, dan tindak lanjut.\xa0 Penelitian kualitatif untuk memperoleh gambaran pelaksanaan PIS PK yang diintegrasikan dengan perawatan kesehatan masyarakat, melalui Focus Group Discussion . Partisipan adalah masyarakat (kader), staf puskesmas, dan staf dinas kesehatan. Pelaksanaan kunjungan rumah oleh petugas kesehatan (puskesmas) yang paling banyak menunjukkan 65.5% keluarga pernah dikunjungi. Kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh petugas kesehatan saat kunjungan rumah meliputi: pendataan keluarga 32.7%, pemeriksaan kesehatan 40%, penyuluhan kesehatan 10.9%, pemberantasan sarang nyamuk 17 15.5%, dan kesehatan ibu anak 2 1.8%. Kegiatan tindak lanjut terhadap kunjungan rumah yang sudah dilakukan lebih banyak tidak dilakukan 69.1%.Hasil FGD dengan kader didapatkan 4 tema: kegiatan perawatan kesehatan masyarakat oleh puskemas, peran kader kesehatan dalam perawatan kesehatan masyarakat, masalah dalam pelaksanaan perawatan kesehatan masyarakat, harapan terhadapan pelayanan kesehatan di masyarakat. Pelaksanaan perkesmas dalam rangka PIS PK, berdasarkan hasil FGD dengan pelaksana perkesmas di puskesmas dan staf bidang pelayanan kesehatan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Semarang didapatkan 2 tema: pelaksanaan perawatan kesehatan masyarakat dalam rangka PIS PK dan kendala pelaksanaan perkesmas dalam rangka PIS PK. Diperlukan evaluasi bersama pelaksanaan PIS PK antara pelaksana dan penanggung jawab program PIS PK agar indikator keberhasilan PIS PK dapat tercapai maksimal. K ata kunci : Pelaksanaan perkesmas, program Indonesia sehat dengan pendekatan keluarga Abstra ct The Implementation Community Health Care of The Healthy Indonesia Program With The Family Approach . Development in the health sector, is pursued through the Healthy Indonesia Program with the Family Approach, which is applied in community health care activities. The research objective was to identify the implementation of community health care that synergizes with Healthy Indonesia Program. The research design uses the mixed method. Quantitative research with cross sectional design, using a sample of 110 and taken by cluster sampling. The instrument uses the format of the implementation of the social security program consisting of visits for data collection, health promotion, and follow-up. Qualitative research to obtain an overview of the implementation of Healthy Indonesia Program integrated with community health care, through a Focus Group Discussion. Participants are the community (cadres), puskesmas staff, and health service staff. Conducting home visits by health workers which showed the most 65.5% of families had been visited. Activities undertaken by health workers during home visits included: family data collection 32.7%, health checks 40%, health education 10.9%, eradication of mosquito nests 17 15.5%, and maternal health of children 2 1.8%. More follow-up activities on home visits were not carried out 69.1%. FGD results with cadres found 4 themes: community health care activities by the health center, the role of health cadres in community health care, problems in the implementation of public health care, expectations towards health services in society. The implementation of community health care in the framework of program, based on the results of the FGD with the implementation of community health care in the health center and the health service staff in the Semarang City Health Office, obtained two themes: the implementation of community health care in the framework of the program and the constraints in implementing the community health care in the framework of the program. A joint evaluation of the program implementation is needed between the implementer and the person responsible for the program so that the indicators can be achieved optimally. Keywords : Implementation of community health care, healthy Indonesia program with family approach