Technologies for building systems of remote lining of communication lines: a practical example of implementation

Abstract

The subject matter of study in this article is ways to build systems for remote laying of communication lines and solve the problem of their implementation. The goal is to simplify the process of developing robotic systems to solve applied problems. The tasks to be solved are to consider technologies of laying and to define the role of the robotic decisions used in them; consider and analyze existing compact solutions; consider existing tools and kits for rapid creation and testing of electromechanical systems; describe the features of conceptual and practical implementations of the system. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The existing methods and equipment for laying communication lines are analyzed. The types of lines placement according to the method and working conditions is considered. Standard equipment and experimental or less common equipment samples are analyzed. The results of a comparative analysis of the currently most well-known robotic solutions used to automate the placement of communications are presented. The existing robotic compact solutions the functionality of which is similar to the object of research are considered in detail. Three devices from various manufacturers designed to perform specialized tasks and has similar specificity of work including the need to move in confined spaces in the vertical and horizontal directions and deliver a payload to the destination are considered. The key differences in the considered devices including modular architecture, simplification of the electrical component of the system due to the frame, adaptability, and adaptability of the device to various environmental conditions are given. The quantitative characteristics of the devices such as the speed of movement, the size of the device itself, and its weight are analyzed. A technological stack that allows the rapid prototyping of a system with similar functions is considered and analyzed. The results of the classification of three sets for the rapid construction of a digital system with an indication of their advantages and disadvantages are given. The qualitative characteristics of development tools such as the prevalence of components, the complexity of use, and their cost are analyzed. An approach for the fast construction of a digital system based on modular reprogrammable components is proposed. Conclusions. The areas of application of existing solutions, the way of their implementation, and unique features that can be useful in solving the problem of placement of communications are considered. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is as follows: a unique architecture of a robot for placement of communication lines with movable segments for movement in space is proposed; a set of programmable modules as part of the developed system is presented. The process of choosing electronic components for building a system is discussed. A digital interface for interacting components and the robot as a whole is described. The possibility of reprogramming the developed robot to restore its working capacity is devised.