Importância da Prática de Atividade Física para Prevenção do Risco de Cardiotoxicidade: Revisão Sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiotoxicity can directly affect functional capacity, pulmonary ventilation and muscle strength, as well as indirectly affect other organs and systems. Exercise is suggested as an effective and inexpensive non-pharmacological strategy to minimize or prevent myocardial damage associated with anthracycline treatment. Objective: To discuss the effects of physical exercise in patients with cardiotoxicity following cancer treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Method: Scielo, PEDro and PubMed databases were researched, in Portuguese and English, for scientific articles published between 2007 and 2018. Results: We found 256 abstracts, 34 were selected for full reading because they met the inclusion criteria, 25 articles were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria and only 9 presented the association of exercise effects in the presence of cardiotoxicity. Conclusion: The improvement in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max/peak) and 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) were more evident in continuous training and, as in resistance exercise, remained in the medium and long term. Measurements of 6WMD and maximal oxygen uptake VO2 max/peak and dyspnea were the indicative parameters for improvement.