Formulation and Evaluation of Solid Dispersion Chitosan Tablet from Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Using PVP K-30 As a Carriers

Abstract

Indonesia is a maritime country with considerable potential as a producer of marine animals, which are primary natural sources of chitin, such as shrimp and crab shells1. Shrimp shell contains 25-40% protein, 4550% calcium carbonate, and 15-30% chitin, but the amount of the content depends on the type of shrimp2. In this study, chitin was extracted from whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) because it was ranked first of the five main commodities trafficked in the country (between provinces) as much as 72.81%. This means that a lot of shrimp production has been distributed to regions between provinces. East Java is the second-highest province after Bengkulu (37.84%) as a L. vannamei supplier that is 24.49%3. However, chitin is not soluble in water, so its use is limited. By using a strong base (deacetylation process) into chitosan, hydrolyzing chitin has better chemical properties4. Chitin can be transformed into chitosan, which has prospects in biomedical trends5. Besides being known as a drug carrier, chitosan is also known as an active agent for anticholesterol. The previous research reported that in vitro, chitosan could bind cholesterol by 63.5%, to prevent an increase in cholesterol levels6. A study stated that administering 30 chitosan tablets at a dose of 45 mg of chitosan/tablet three times a day can reduced cholesterol levels7. However, chitosan has poor solubility in water, but the permeability is high, so efforts are needed to Formulation and Evaluation of Solid Dispersion Chitosan Tablet from Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Using PVP K-30 As a Carriers