UJI LAPANG BAHAN ORGANIK MASUKAN RENDAH PADA BERBAGAI METODE APLIKASI PEMUPUKAN MELAUI TANAH DAN DAUN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KEDELAI (Glicyne max (L.) Merril) DI TANAH ULTISOL

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk\xa0 menguji pengaruh penggunaan bahan organik masukan rendah pada berbagai metode aplikasi pemupukan melalui tanah dan daun terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai di tanah Ultisol sehingga dihasilkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman Kedelai terbaik. Uji lapang dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jambi, Desa Mendalo Indah, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Percobaan berlangsung selama enam bulan, mulai bulan Mei – Oktober 2017. Benih Kedelai yang digunakan adalah varietas Rajabasa yang diberi perlakuan pemberian bahan organik (0-5 ton ha -1 ) yang diuji pada berbagai cara aplikasi pemupukan anorganik lewat tanah (2/3 dosis diberi saat tanam dan 1/3 dosis diberi saat memasuki fase reproduktif) dan pemupukan lewat daun (pagi dan sore hari).\xa0 Analisis data dilakukan melalui pendekatan uji ragam dan uji beda DNMRT pada taraf α 0.05 . Berdasarkan hasil percobaan dapat ditarik beberapa kesimpulan sebagai berikut, 1) Pemberian bahan organik masukan rendah pada tanaman Kedelai memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman Kedelai yang disertai dengan cara aplikasi pemupukan yang tepat. 2) Pemberian bahan organik sebanyak 5 ton ha -1 yang diiringi dengan pemberian pupuk N,P, dan K 2/3 dosis saat tanam dan 1/3 dosis saat memasuki fase reproduktif yang disertai pemberian pupuk daun pagi dan sore hari memberikan hasil tertinggi pada variabel pertumbuhan, jumlah klorofil dan kandungan N daun, hasil tanaman serta bobot 100 butir biji, tetapi variabel pengamatan umur berbunga, mengalami perlambatan dibanding cara aplikasi pemupukan lainnya. Kata Kunci: Kedelai, Bahan Organik, Aplikasi Pupuk Melalui Tanah dan Daun ABSTRACT The study aims to examine the effect of low input organic matter on various methods of application of soil and leaf fertilization on the growth and yield of soybean plants in Ultisol so that the best soybean plants are grown and produced. Field tests were carried out at the Jambi University Faculty of Agriculture Experimental garden, Mendalo Indah Village, Muaro Jambi Regency. The experiment lasted for six months, starting in May - October 2017. The Soybean seeds used were Rajabasa varieties treated with organic materials (0-5 tons ha -1 ) which were tested in various ways the application of inorganic fertilizers through the soil (2/3 doses given during planting and 1/3 dose given when entering the reproductive phase) and fertilization through leaves (morning and evening). Data analysis was carried out through F- test\xa0 and DNMRT- test at the level of α 0.05. Based on the results of the experiment, some conclusions can be drawn as follows, 1) Giving low input organic matter to soybean plants gives a better influence on the growth and yield of soybean plants which is accompanied by proper application of fertilization applications. 2) Giving organic material as much as 5 tons ha -1 accompanied by administration of N, P, and K fertilizers 2/3 doses and 1/3 dose when entering the reproductive phase accompanied by the administration of morning and evening leaf fertilizers giving the highest yield on variable growth, amount of chlorophyll and leaf N content, plant yields and weight of 100 seeds, but the flowering age observation variable slowed compared to other fertilizer application methods. Keywords: Soybeans, Organic Ingredients, Application of Fertilizers Through Soil and Leaves