Archive | 2019
Kurdish fiction: From writing as resistance to aestheticised commitment
Abstract
The establishment of modern Iran in 1925 accelerated a centralisation policy, which resulted in the oppression of Iran’s national and cultural diversity. Under such unfavourable conditions, Kurdish fiction had a stuttering start with only three works since the publication of the first Kurdish novel in 1961 up until 1991, when the number of Kurdish fictional works produced in Iran began to increase steadily. This article addresses the question of commitment and aesthetics in Kurdish prose fiction by examining a short story collection and three novels published between 1961 and 2002. Whereas the earlier Kurdish writers primarily viewed fiction as a medium for cultural preservation and national liberation, around the turn of the 20th century a generation of Kurdish writers appeared who were as equally concerned with aesthetics as with politics. ABSTRACT IN KURMANJI Ciroka kurdi: Ji nivisina berxwedane bo pabendiyeke estetik Avakirina Irana modern li sala 1925an lez da siyaseta navendikirine, ku bu sebebe fetisandina ciherengiya neteweyi u candi ya Irane. Li jer serten wisa xerab, destpeka cirok u romanen kurdi gelek giran bu u bi tene se berhem cap bun di navbera 1961 u 1991e, dema ku berhemen edebi yen kurdi li Irane her ku cu zedetir bun. Ev gotar bere xwe dide pirsa pabendiya siyasi/ideolojik u estetike di edebiyata kurdi bi reya tehlila berhemeke kurtecirokan u se romanen di navbera 1961 u 2003 de cap buyi. Di demeke de ku niviskaren kurd yen pesiye edebiyat wek amrazeke parastina candi u azadiya neteweyi diditin, li wercerxa sedsala 20an nifseki niviskaren kurd derhatin ku bi qasi siyasete xwedane xem u endiseyen estetik ji bun. ABSTRACT IN SORANI Ciroki kurdi: Le nusini berengariyewe bo pabendbuni cuwaninasi Damezrandini dewlleti moderni Eran le 1925da siyaseti nawedindeti xeratir kird. Emes serkutkirdini freyiy kelturi u neteweyiy Erani lekewtewe. Le sayey em barudoxe nalebareda, ciroki kurdi seretayeki picirr picirri hebu, le billawkirdinewey yekem romani kurdi le salli 1961 ta salli 1991 tenha se berhem billaw kirawetewe u le 1991 berhemi ciroki kurdi le Eran desti be ziyadbuni berdewam kird. Em babete kar leser pirsi pabendbun u cuwaninasi le ciroki kurdida dekat le regay hellsengandini koberhemeki kurtecirok u se roman ke le newan sallani 1961 ta 2002da billaw kirawnetewe. Le katekda cili pesuy nuserani Kurd be gisti cirok nusinyan wek amrazek bo parastini keltur u rizgariy nistimani debini, le serubendi hatini sedey bistemda neweyek le nuseri kurd peydabun ke be heman radey siyaset bayexyan be cuwaninasis deda. ABSTRACT IN ZAZAKI Fiksiyone kurdki: Nustise xoverrodayoxki ra ver bi wezifeya estetizekerdiye Awankerdise Irane moderni ye serra 1925i bi sebebe siyasete merkezikerdisi. Semede ne siyasete merkezi ra zafrenginiya Irani ya neteweyi u kulturi ameye bindestkerdene. Bine sertane winasiyane beavantajan de, destpeke fiksiyone kurdki giran bi: mabene serra 1961i, wexto ke romane kurdki yo veren wesaniyabi, u serra 1991i, wexto ke Iran de wesane eserane fiksiyoni ye kurdki hedi-hedi aver siyene, tena hire eseri wesaniyabiyi. Na meqale perse wezifedari u estetiki ye fiksiyone kurdki ser o vindena. Seba naye koleksiyoneke hikayeyan u hire romane ke mabene 1961 u 2002i de wesaniyayi, analiz bene. Nustoxane kurdki ye verenan fiksiyon heme ciyan ra ver sey wasitaya muhafezekerdise kulturi u xelasa neteweyiye diyene. Labele sere seserra 20. de nesle nustoxane kurdki yo newe vejiya meydan ke inan giraniya xo hem dayene siyaseti hem ki estetiki ser.