Spatial and spatial analysis of the distribution of schools in the center of Nineveh province

Abstract

The study examined the statistical analysis of educational services in Mosul city. The importance of this study is that it dealt with most important aspect of the society in which the process of progress and prosperity of education. The study relied on analytical descriptive method in analyzing the data collected from the concerned authorities e.g. Nineveh Directorate of Education by using the SPSS and GPS maps for the purpose of providing a good image of the distribution of a better place that may help decision-makers to find appropriate steps to develop the educational services. The study found that the percentage of male schools did not reach the percentage of female schools. The study also found that the number of schools in the right side of Mosul city is not proportional to the percentage of students numbers, and the percentage of teachers numbers are not suitable with the number of pupils, in contrast with the schools in the left side, which all these ratios are almost appropriate with the reality. The study recommended the need for attention by the concerned authorities to study the trends of population growth by selecting the best locations for new schools and the need to create a database for each educational institution and presented on the web pages of all schools and directorates of education. Introduction: In its efforts to enhance the educational and scientific state in Iraq, the ministry of education has put forth a strategy towards ambitious educational plans that can develop considerably education and learning. One of the suggestions was that the central government should continue providing the basic and extraordinary pack up to local governments to rehabilitate and maintain the infrastructure of schools that were totally destroyed in Nineveh governorate and especially the schools of the right side of the city and the financial status must not be a hindrance not to get the necessary means to apply these long-term plans to enhance the educational march and develop it to be better than before. Schools should be expanded and sound environment ought to be provided for students in their schools. Hundreds of schools must be rehabilitated that do need rebuilding and maintenance so that they provide a health and sound environment for the students to overcome the environmental conditions and consequently upgrade competent students (1). The question of specifying the efficiency of the spatial distribution is one of the most important subjects especially after the advance that happened in computational systems; it is important for those planners who are after decision-makers together with determining the actual need to rebuild and rehabilitate schools (1). Statistical programmes and spatial and graphic analyses make sketches and samples depending on standards to assess spatial distribution of services and selecting the spatial sites for the new schools via lessening costs’ transportations by reducing distance; the system of transportations in the city becomes better if the services are near houses and this applies to the rest of the Prof. Dr. Radhwan Hussein Ibrahim College of Nursing / Mosul University Assistant lecturer shaymaa Riyadh College of Nursing / Mosul University Mosul Journal of Nursing, Vol.7, No.2, 2019 27 services and spheres for the research introduces a sample for tackling the services of elementary generalization (3). One: Research Hypothesis:Nineveh governorate suffers from bad educational services and few primary schools in various quarters in the city of Mosul and low vocational performance in a way that goes along with advancement, population distribution, and urban expansion. Two: Time Limit of the Study:The study is confined to studying the educational services in the study district during (2017-2018). Three: Research Methodology:The vocational methodology has been adopted in this study besides the analytical one via analyzing tables and data statistically in addition to the field study in the governorate. Four: Aims of the Study:The study aims at employing spatial and graphic analyses in planning the efficiency of the spatial distribution of the primary schools in the centre of the city of Mosul in accordance with the population density and determining the best sites to build more schools and apply the planning standards of schools by using statistical analyses to distribute these schools according to necessity so as to serve the educational growth plan in the city. Basics and Standards of Primary Education in Iraq:The educational system in Iraq falls into three stages: the primary, secondary, and preparatory. The primary stage is basic for building generations for these three stages and in it the education for children is compulsory from six to eleven years for both sexes and the study period is six years according to law and this stage aims at encouraging pupils to develop their personalities mentally, morally, and socially (4). Schools, in general, and the primary school, in particular, are given due regard in the life of the society and are paid great attention by city planners especially when selecting the suitable place for building these schools. The primary education is considered the great power that helps the society overcome poverty and ignorance besides the possibility of investing natural resources; primary education is the cornerstone to achieve prosperity and advancement in the society (5). So, the question of primary education and improving its level and its suitable distribution in various population quarters are the main goal to improve the academic level of the pupils and this is also the goal our study seeks to achieve (6). The city of Mosul is considered the centre of Nineveh governorate and the second largest city in Iraq in population after the city of Baghdad; the number of its population in 2014 was about (3.5) million and its area is (180) square kilometers. The population is distributed around the eastern and western sides in districts and towns and the river Tigris passes through the city splitting it into two sides, the left and the right ones and the map no. (1) represents the quarters of the city with the names. Mosul Journal of Nursing, Vol.7, No.2, 2019 27 Map (2) represents mosul its right and left sides Map (2) represents mosul neighborhoods Spatial Distribution of Primary Schools:In this study we have been able to get a complete statistic for the number of the schools and the pupils in each school as well as the spatial distribution of the schools in the city of Mosul for both the right and left sides. We have been provided with these data of (2017-2018) from the department of planning and follow up in the education directorate of Nineveh governorate. Table no.(1) shows the primary schools in the right side of the city of Mosul and which are (157) schools for boys and girls most of which have double classes and triple classes. The number of the pupils in these schools is (104401) pupils, in addition to the number of the general teachers and the specialized teachers and the lecturers in each school and the supervisors. Mosul Journal of Nursing, Vol.7, No.2, 2019