Effect of a Black Soldier Fly Ingredient on the Growth Performance and Disease Resistance of Juvenile Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Abstract

Simple Summary This study investigates the use of a Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) ingredient in juvenile shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) diets at various inclusion rates (4.5, 7.5, and 10.5%), monitoring both the growth performance and then health performance in the face of three separate challenges (White spot syndrome virus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and osmotic stress). This work showed that growth performance (measured through weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and specific growth rate) of L. vannamei was significantly improved in a linear trend with the inclusion of the Black soldier fly ingredient (p < 0.05), whilst health performance was not significantly altered. Overall, the Black soldier fly ingredient proves to be a promising additive for L. vannamei diets, impacting performance and sustainability positively. Abstract This study was performed as part of developing a functional feed ingredient for juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Here we assess the effects of dietary inclusion of a Black Soldier Fly Ingredient (BSFI) from defatted black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal on growth performance, tolerance to salinity stress, and disease resistance when challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus or a strain of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). A control diet was used for comparison with three test diets including 4.5, 7.5, and 10.5% of BSFI (BSFI4.5, BSFI7.5, and BSFI10.5). After 28 days, all diets with BSFI had improved weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) compared to control. Indeed, SGR was significantly improved from inclusion of 4.5% in the diet, whilst FCR was significantly improved at 7.5% (p < 0.05). During the growth trial, survival was not affected by diet. Shrimp health performance was not significantly affected by the diets across the disease and salinity challenges. Overall, the results indicate that the inclusion of BSFI from H. illucens improves the performance of juvenile L. vannamei.