Dynamics of Ebola Disease in the Framework of Different Fractional Derivatives

Abstract

In recent years the world has witnessed the arrival of deadly infectious diseases that have taken many lives across the globe. To fight back these diseases or control their spread, mankind relies on modeling and medicine to control, cure, and predict the behavior of such problems. In the case of Ebola, we observe spread that follows a fading memory process and also shows crossover behavior. Therefore, to capture this kind of spread one needs to use differential operators that posses crossover properties and fading memory. We analyze the Ebola disease model by considering three differential operators, that is the Caputo, Caputo–Fabrizio, and the Atangana–Baleanu operators. We present brief detail and some mathematical analysis for each operator applied to the Ebola model. We present a numerical approach for the solution of each operator. Further, numerical results for each operator with various values of the fractional order parameter α are presented. A comparison of the suggested operators on the Ebola disease model in the form of graphics is presented. We show that by decreasing the value of the fractional order parameter α, the number of individuals infected by Ebola decreases efficiently and conclude that for disease elimination, the Atangana–Baleanu operator is more useful than the other two.