Associations of Genetic Variations in ABCA1 and Lifestyle Factors with Coronary Artery Disease in a Southern Chinese Population with Dyslipidemia: A Nested Case-Control Study

Abstract

Coronary artery disease has become a major health concern over the past several decades. We aimed to explore the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1) and lifestyle factors with coronary artery disease (CAD) in dyslipidemia. This nested case-control study included 173 patients with CAD and 500 matched control individuals (1:3, case: control) from a district in southern China. We collected medical reports, lifestyle details, and blood samples of individuals with dyslipidemia and used the polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction method to genotype the SNPs. The CC genotype of the additive and recessive models of rs4149339, together with regular intake of fried foods or dessert, increased the risk of CAD (adjusted odd ratio (OR) = 1.91, p = 0.030; adjusted OR = 1.97, p = 0.017; adjusted OR = 1.80, p = 0.002; adjusted OR = 1.98, p = 0.001). The AT + AA genotype of the dominant model of rs4743763 and moderate/heavy physical activity reduced the risk of CAD (adjusted OR = 0.66, p = 0.030; adjusted OR = 0.44, p = 0.001). The CT + CC genotype of the dominant model of rs2472386 reduced the risk of CAD only in males (adjusted OR = 0.36, p = 0.001). The interaction between rs4149339 and rs4743763 of ABCA1 and haplotype CTT (comprising rs4149339, rs4743763, and rs2472386) appeared to increase the risk of CAD (relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) = 3.19, p = 0.045; OR = 1.49, p = 0.019). Polymorphisms of rs4149339, rs4743763 and rs2472386 in ABCA1 and three lifestyle factors (physical activity, fried food intake, and dessert intake) were associated with CAD in people with dyslipidemia in southern China. These results provide the theoretical basis for gene screening and the prevention of chronic cardiovascular diseases.