Nefrolitiasis: evaluación metabólica

Abstract

Nephrolithiasis is a very common urologic pathology in medical practice and its incidence has increased in the last 20 years. The main classification is based on chemical composition in two large groups, those formed by calcium (calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate) and those that are not formed by calcium (uric acid, cystine and struvite). Some risk factors associated, to stone formation, are the presence of primary hyperparathyroidism, renal tubular acidosis, dietary factors and certain medications. The new management guidelines are aimed at prevention, so the metabolic evaluation is useful to determine the type of stone present, to guide therapeutic recommendations for conservative medical management.