Studies on Haemostatic Parameters of Type 2 Diabetics in Owerri, Imo State

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder which has emerged as a health challenge globally due to its insidious on set, late recognition and complications. The present study was aimed at evaluation of haemostatic parameters in Owerri. Cross Sectional Studies was conducted at Federal Medical Center and Imo State specialist Hospital, Owerri. A total of three hundred subjects which include each one hundred and fifty type 2 diabetics and apparently control subjects between the ages forty and sixty nine years were recruited. Ten millimeters of venous blood as aseptically collected from thesubjects. Platelet count and coagulation assay were used for determination of these parameters .The data was analyzed using statistical package for social science 20.0. Test with a probability value of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results from haemostatic parameters showed higher statistically significant value (P = 0.001) in platelet count (226.68 ± 19.40 vs 205 .86 ± 13.33x10/l), and fibrinogen (370.19) ± 21.55 v 2.63.56 ± 32.31mg/dl) when type 2 diabetics was compared with control subjects. Inversely, there was statistically significantly lower values; (P = 0.031) in prothrombin time (13.47 ± 0.96 v 14.06 ± 0.96s) and (P = 0.001) in activated partial thrombopalstin time (34,39 ± 2.17 v 37.25 ± 1.82 ).There was statistically significant progressive increase in activated partial thromboplastin time (33.56 ± 1.56, 34.44 ± 2.32, 36.60 ± 180s) and ( P = 0.001) fibrinogen (362.22 ± 21.72, 369.82 ± 22.65, 378.54 ± 17.69mg/dl).Also higher significant value in female compared with male (380.21 ± 16.62 v 360.17 ± 21.35. The increase found in acute proteins, malondialdehyde, platelet count, fibrinogen and decrease in antioxidants, prothrombin time and APTT showed that type 2 diabetics is a state of chronic low grade inflammation, increased oxidative stress and hypercoagulable state which may result in increase morbidity and premature mortality of type 2 diabetes.