Effects of 0.01% and 0.02% atropine eye drops on pupil diameter and accommodation amplitude in myopic children: one-year randomized, double blind, controlled trail

Abstract

Objective \nTo evaluate the effects of 0.0% and 0.02% atropine on pupil diameter (PD) and accommodation amplitude (AMP) in myopic children and analyze its relation factors. \n \n \nMethods \nA prospective randomized controlled trial design was adopted.One hundred and ninety-three myopia children were included from June to October, 2016 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, all the children completed one-year follow-up.All the children were divided into three groups randomly, with 72, 74 and 80 myopic children in 0.01% atropine group, 0.02% atropine group and control group, respectively.The myopic children in 0.01% atropine group and 0.02% atropine group wore single-vision spectacle lenses and were treated with 0.01% and 0.02% atropine eye drops nightly, respectively.The myopic children in the control group wore spectacle lenses only.The PD and AMP were measured at baseline, and 4, 8 and 12 months after treatment. \n \n \nResults \nThere were no significant difference of baseline PD and AMP among the three groups (F=9.321, P=0.820; F=13.209, P=0.220). Compared with basline, after 12 months, the PD increased by 0.75, 0.84 and 0.02 mm in 0.01% atropine group, 0.02% atropine group and control group, respectively.There were statistically significant differences of PD among three groups at different time points (Fgroup=2.168, P=0.013; Ftime=2.139, P=0.015; Finteraction=2.148, P=0.001). Compared with baseline, the PD of 0.01% atropine group and 0.02% atropine group were increased 4, 8 and 12 months after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (all at P<0.001). The PD was stable in control group.After 12 months, the AMP were reduced by 1.25, 1.12 and 0.28 D in 0.01% atropine group, 0.02% atropine group and control group, respectively.There were statistically significant differences of AMP among the three groups at the different time points (Fgroup=18.346, P=0.034; Ftime=1.823, P=0.002; Fintreatcion=3.239, P=0.023). Compared with baseline, the AMP of 0.01% atropine group and 0.02% atropine group were increased 4, 8 and 12 months after treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.05). The AMP remained stable in control group.The change of PD in 0.01% atropine group and 0.02% atropine group was correlated with age, baseline PD and baseline eye axis length, respectively (β=0.060, P=0.019; β=-0.440, P<0.001; β=-0.37, P=0.045). The change in AMP of the atropine group was significantly correlated with the baseline adjustment range (β=-0.71, P<0.001). \n \n \nConclusions \n0.01% and 0.02% atropine show similar effects on pupil diameter and accommodation amplitude after 12 months of treatment in myopic children. \n \n \nKey words: \nChildren;\xa0Myopia;\xa0Atropine, low doses;\xa0Pupil diameter;\xa0Accommodation amplitude;\xa0Randomized double blind controlled trail