Prognostic value of fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio in predicting 1-year clinical progression in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

Previous studies have indicated that fibrinogen and low serum albumin levels are associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. The objective of the present study was to examine whether the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) was able to predict the 1-year prognosis of patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 1,352 patients with NSTE-ACS undergoing PCI were included in this prospective study and were divided into a low-FAR group (FAR ≤8.713, n=901) and a high-FAR group (FAR>8.713, n=451). FAR was defined as the concentration ratio of fibrinogen (mg/dl) to albumin (mg/dl) multiplied by 100. The endpoint was the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, non-fatal myocardial reinfarction and unscheduled repeat revascularisation. The predictive performance was validated by receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. A total of 127 MACEs were noted during the 1-year follow-up period. Multivariate Cox analysis suggested that a high FAR was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio=2.223, 95% confidence interval: 1.002–4.931, P=0.049). Regarding the predictor of MACEs, the FAR exhibited an area under the ROC curve of 0.676 with a sensitivity of 0.630 and a specificity of 0.726. The cut-off value was 9.114. The FAR was an independent prognostic factor in NSTE-ACS. The present results suggest that the FAR may serve as a potential prognostic indicator for patients with NSTE-ACS undergoing PCI (approval no. NCT02667548; January 29, 2016; Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University).