Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in central nervous system, due to cryptococcal infection, TB or both?

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) and cryptococcal meningitis remain the commonest causes of meningitis in patients with advanced HIV. This is a case history of an HIV patient on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 2 months presented with CNS symptoms suggesting possible IRIS for an intra cerebral infection or any other CNS lesion. However, in diagnostic work-up patient is found to have features for tuberculosis as well as cryptococcal meningeal infection making a diagnostic dilemma of the reason for the IRIS