Patterns of computed tomographic findings in patients from Maiduguri, Nigeria, diagnosed with a brain tumor

Abstract

Background and Aim: Brain tumors are a fairly common neurological problem in Nigeria and associated with a relatively low morbidity and mortality rate. Magnetic resonance imaging is the best imaging modality revealing precisely the tumor s location, patterns, and to some extent, the tumor characterization; however, only computed tomography (CT) is readily available in the study locality. In this study, we assessed the patterns of CT findings among patients diagnosed with a brain tumor using CT. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study, in which brain CT records of 40 cases of brain tumor diagnosed between January 2016 and August 2018 were reviewed, irrespective of patient age, sex, or clinical information. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethical Committee of the Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri (approval No. FNPH/GEN/092/VOLII) on December 22, 2015. Results: Of the 40 brain tumors diagnosed during the study, 17 (42%) cases were male and 23 (58%) were female. Their age range was 2–70 years (28.4 ± 20.2 years). About 22% of cases were extra-axial, whereas 31 (78%) were intra-axial. Twenty-seven (68%) patients had definitive diagnosis, with eight (20%) cases being meningioma, whereas 13 (32%) had nonspecific findings (a longer differential diagnosis). Conclusion: Meningioma was the most common type of brain tumor in this study despite the limitation of histopathology facility within the immediate locality. The low rate of glioma was probably due to few old adults included in the study.