Effects of metabolic surgery on energy and nutrient intake in obese asian indians with dysglycemia

Abstract

Aims and Objectives: The rising prevalence of obesity and consequent metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes has resulted in an increase in the number of metabolic surgeries. However, the nutrient intake of subjects who have undergone metabolic surgery remains poorly investigated in Asian Indians. The study aimed to assess the nutrient intake of obese Asian Indians who underwent metabolic surgery. Materials and Methods: Thirty obese Asian Indians with dysglycemia who underwent metabolic surgery at a tertiary diabetes center in South India were selected. Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical measures were collected using standard methods. Using 24-h recalls, data were obtained on the nutrient intakes at baseline and 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Results: A significant decline was observed at the end of 6 and 12 months in all anthropometric characteristics such as body mass index, waist circumference, and hip circumference (P < 0.001). The mean daily energy intake at baseline (1371 ± 665 kcal) decreased significantly after 6 months (671 ± 423) and 12 months (847 ± 463). There was a significant decrease after 6 and 12 months in the intake of total carbohydrate, protein, and fat compared to baseline (P < 0.001). At the end of 12 months, energy intake was 70% as compared to baseline (100%), while that of carbohydrate was 62%, protein 75%, and fat 83%. Conclusion: Metabolic surgery resulted in a significant decline in energy intake, which is essential for postoperative weight loss and maintenance. There is also undesirable loss of soft lean mass (SLM); hence, strategies are needed to prevent the muscle loss.