Overview of an Emerging Coronavirus Infection, COVID-19: Current Status of Vaccine Development and Therapeutics

Abstract

Coronavirus \ninfectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) first reported in Wuhan, China, causes serious \nrespiratory illnesses such as lung failure and pneumonia. Severe Acute Respiratory \nSyndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) the pathogenic agent of COVID-19 has been confirmed as a novel coronavirus. \nWHO announced COVID-19 a global pandemic and now the whole world is eagerly waiting for vaccines and therapeutic treatment to get \nrid of this unstoppable coronavirus. As COVID-19 infection, a global threat creates \nunwanted human casualties and serious economic loss. To stop the ongoing uncontrolled \nsituation researchers are racing to develop prevention and treatment strategies. \nVaccines of different countries are in clinical and preclinical trials and the repurposed-drugs \nare providing to find out a positive result against COVID-19. The report is an analysis of published information \nfocusing on treatment options including vaccination, drug-therapy, cytokines, therapeutic \nantibodies. Most of the vaccine’s development strategies and drugs target the surface structural spike glycoprotein \nor S-protein, the major inducer of pathogenic responses. Here, it is reviewed the \nfeatures of SARS-CoV-2 and the global current status of therapeutic, and vaccine development for the prevention \nand effective treatment of COVID-19.