Water Quality Model for Streams: A Review

Abstract

Six main public domain water quality models which are presently available for Rivers and streams are being captured in this article. These main models could produce important results if they are used in the correct manner, because they are different in terms of assumptions, strength and weaknesses, processes they represent, modeling capability and data in-put requirements. The Model review discussed includes, water quality analysis simulation program (WASP7), simulation catchment (SIMCAT), quality simulation along Rivers (QUASAR), and the temporal overall model for catchment (TOMCAT), QUAL2KW, QUAL2EU. The models are described individually according to a consistent set of criteria-conceptualization, model capability, model strengths, limitations, input data and how it utilized. The outcome showed that TOMCAT and SIMCAT are important in ASSESSING effect of point sources in a very simple way. The QUAL2KW, unlike the QUAL2EU where macrophytes play a major interaction, it can convert algal death to carbonaceous Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (CBOD), thereby making it more suitable. In addition to the extensive requirement of data, it is expensive and time consuming to set up these complex models such as QUASAR and WASP7. Therefore, one model cannot be used for all the required functionalities. Choosing a model would depend on a specific application, financial cost and time availability. This article may be of help in choosing a suitable model for a specific water quality problem.