Diseño y evaluación de un prototipo para vivienda de interés social con mampostería confinada en ladrillo

Abstract

Current habitat conditions in the world are seriously affected by overpopulation and permanent flows of territorial mobility, generating the need to build houses with ecological, adaptable and low-cost designs. In this sense, the present investigation allowed to carry out the design and analysis of a social interest housing prototype with masonry walls confined in brick. It should be noted that the house occupies a space of 82 m2, which has been designed for construction on a 200 m2 plot of land, located in the city of Manta, Ecuador. In addition to the structural design of the house, an investigation was carried out with a quantitative approach, since 25 surveys were carried out directed to the directors of construction companies and hardware stores in the province of Manabi, in which information related to the types of homes of social interest and the construction systems used with the respective comparative analysis of costs and the housing market based on supply and demand. On the other hand, the unit price of the materials, equipment and labor required in the construction of the proposed structural system was obtained from material distribution houses and the salary tables, respectively. The results reflect that the house designed and evaluated in the present investigation consists of one level; in which the living room, dining room, kitchen, garage and bedrooms are located. The total cost required to execute the construction of the proposed design is equivalent to US $ 30,075.05 including VAT, representing a total of 75.19 basic salaries. It was established that low-income housing with confined brick masonry presents a favorable structural system for its application in the local environment of Manta, and in the same way it can be extrapolated to other localities in the country. \nKeywords: social housing, design, structure, masonry, economic evaluation.