Estimation of Serum Amyloid A, CRP, Homocysteine, and Neutrophils to Lymphocyte Ratio as an Inflammatory biomarker and their correlation with Cardiovascular risk in a sample of Iraqi COVID-19 Patients

Abstract

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new coronavirus called SARS CoV-2.WHO first learned of this new virus on 31 December 2019, following a report of a cluster of cases of „viral pneumonia in Wuhan, the People‟s Republic of China. AIM: The study aims to explore the clinical values of combined detection of serum concentration of SAA, C reactive protein, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio, D-dimer, and homocysteine in SARS-COV-2 infected patients, in hospitalized patients, with reference to other inflammatory, metabolic parameters, as well as cardiovascular risk factors and if it can also assess in the monitoring the efficiency of COVID- 19 treatment. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was employed. It was conducted in multi-hospital of Baghdad city. All patients in this study were hospitalized patients with PCR confirmed. targeted population included 42 patients (male & female) aged (18 – 80 years). patients were divided into two groups according to the outcomes of Survival 19 patients and non-survival 23 patients. All biochemical parameters were measured on survivors and non-survivors groups at two different time points. RESULTS: The difference of comparison of SAA and other biomarkers between survival group and nonsurvival group at two different time points hospital admission T1 and after 7 days from admission and starting therapy T2, was statistically significant. The ROC curve results showed that SAA has higher sensitivity to the predictive value of 7 days after treatment. CONCLUSION: SAA high sensitive indicators in estimating the severity and prognosis of COVID-19. And can be used for monitoring the recovery process in COVID-19 patients. SAA was more efficient in predicting COVID-19 than other markers.