A odisseia da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional no Brasil (1945-1964)

Abstract

Nowadays Brazilian education has been attacked by the Federal Government on several fronts, such as: an attempt to disqualify teacher’s work and also education professionals, education budget cuts, a censorship attempt to academic and teaching freedom and so on. This work aims to a) show the Brazilian Education Guidelines and Framework Law’s trajectory between 1945 to 1964; b) expose the behind the scenes of the political dispute in the National Congress regarding the approval of Brazilian Education Guidelines and Framework in the period of 1945 to 1964; c) promote reflection about the political, ideological, economic relations and public education policies. As regards to methodology aspects, this research is bibliographic and documental, qualitative and exploratory. As theoretical support, we have used the works of Boris Fausto (2013), Thomas E. Skidmore (2010) e Evaldo Vieira (2015). In the field of History of Education, we have used the contributions of Dermeval Saviani (1998). Furthermore, as supplementary theoretical support, we have considered the works of Istvan Meszaros (2015), Steven Levitsky e Daniel Ziblatt (2018), among others. The research has shown that social and political groups quarreled over the control of Brazilian education for different reasons. Among divergences and convergences between those groups, the bill which determines the guidelines for Brazilian Education moved through the National Congress for sixteen years. We have concluded that it is necessary to reflect upon the paths we go through, the strategies we use, the partnerships we establish in order to face educational problems.