Fosfomycin Sensitivity Pattern among Uropathogens Isolated from Patients Visiting Day Care Facility of Sushila Tiwari Hospital in Kumaun Region, Uttarakhand, India

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) are one of the most common infections responsible for antibiotic resistance. There are limited antibiotics options for treating the cases due to Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria. Fosfomycin is being used for treating UTIs and has shown promising results even against MDR pathogens. Aim: To determine the fosfomycin sensitivity pattern along with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against uropathogens by agar dilution method. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India, between August 2017 to September 2019. Clean catch, mid stream urine samples were inoculated on Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) agar and incubated. The significant growths of pathogenic bacteria were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing. Fosfomycin (200 μg) disc was used in Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion testing. Fosfomycin trometamol MIC was determined by agar dilution method as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The data collected in the study were analysed by using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 20.0. Results: Significant growth of pathogenic bacteria was observed in 365 out of total 2725 urine samples. E.coli (72.32%) was the leading isolate followed by Enterococcusspecies (10.41%). Fosfomycin was recorded as the most active antibiotic against all the bacterial pathogen with 85-100% susceptibility except Proteus species (40%) in disc diffusion method. The MIC of fosfomycin was recorded between 4-64 against most of the isolates by agar dilution method. Conclusion: Fosfomycin is the most active antibiotic against all the uropathogens in the study setup and can be included in empirical treatment of day care patients along with nitrofurantoin.