Coulomb Energy Averaged over the n ℓ N -Atomic States with a Definite Spin
Abstract
A purely group-theoretical approach (for which the symmetric group plays a central rôle), based upon the use of properties of fractional-parentage coefficients and isoscalar factors, is developed for the derivation of the Coulomb energy averaged over the states, with a definite spin, arising from an atomic configuration
n
ℓ
N
.