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Amazing Drug Path: How do intracheal drugs go directly to the bloodstream and avoid the liver?!
With the advancement of medical technology, the methods of drug administration have become more and more diverse. Among them, buccal administration has attracted attention for its unique drug delivery mechanism. This method of administration is to place the drug in the cheek and directly enter the blood circulation through the oral mucosa, which means that the drug can avoid the first-pass effect of the liver faced by traditional oral drugs and may provide better bioavailability and Rapid drug response.
Intrabuccal medications do not need to pass through the digestive system and can enter the bloodstream more effectively, making the therapeutic effect faster and more direct.
The benefits of buccal drug delivery are obvious, especially for patients who cannot swallow medication normally, this method provides a convenient solution. The study pointed out that the drug dosage forms presented in buccal form, including buccal tablets and films, can not only effectively treat pain, but also manage a variety of diseases, including mental illness and epilepsy.
Clinical application of drugs
Intrabuccal drug delivery has made significant progress in clinical practice. The following are some common intrabuccal drugs:
- Hydrocortisone: Mainly used to relieve the pain and discomfort caused by mouth ulcers.
- Fentanyl: This is a powerful opioid analgesic used to manage sudden pain in cancer patients.
- Fluclofenazole: Used to treat severe nausea and vomiting and can also manage symptoms associated with schizophrenia.
Drug administration through the oral mucosa can not only reduce the digestive system decomposition of drugs, but also increase the duration of therapeutic effect.
Study on drug delivery mechanism
The mechanism of intrabuccal drug delivery depends mainly on the structure of the oral mucosa. After the drug enters the oral cavity, it enters the body's circulation through the cheek mucosa, avoiding the acidic environment of the gastrointestinal tract, thereby protecting the stability and effectiveness of the drug. Drugs penetrate the oral mucosa mainly through the intracellular pathway and the intercellular pathway, which affect the absorption and bioavailability of drugs.
Advantages and Challenges of Buccal Dosage Forms
Intrabuccal medications offer several potential advantages, including:
- It can be absorbed quickly because the mouth is rich in blood vessels.
- It can avoid the first-pass effect in the liver and reduce side effects.
- It provides an effective route of administration for patients who are unable to swallow (such as those who have suffered a stroke or are unconscious).
However, this method of drug delivery is not without its challenges. The taste of many medications may affect patient compliance and may also cause side effects such as oral irritation.
Unsuitable drugs and their side effects may limit patients' use, limiting the popularity of buccal administration.
Formulation and manufacturing considerations
The preparation of intrabuccal drugs usually needs to take into account their bioadhesion and solubility in the oral cavity. During the formulation process, it is often necessary to add adhesives and penetration enhancers to improve the bioavailability of drugs. Furthermore, the manufacturing of these dosage forms should focus on how to reduce the washout effect of saliva, which is a key factor in improving its efficacy.
Future Outlook
With the in-depth research on buccal drug delivery technology, this field is still full of potential, and it is possible to develop more buccal drug delivery solutions for specific diseases in the future. How to effectively utilize the advantages of this technology to overcome current limitations will become the focus of the industry.
In this age of rapid technological change, can we expect buccal administration to become the main choice for drug delivery in the future?
