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Do you know why gums keep growing and even cover the entire tooth?
Excessive gum growth is called hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF), which is a rare gum hyperplasia condition. This condition is characterized by a benign, slowly progressive fibrous proliferation that sometimes affects the visibility of the teeth and even causes aesthetic damage. In the oral cavity, hyperplastic fibrous tissue is commonly found in the gum tissue of the upper and lower jaws.
According to statistics, the probability of HGF occurring is 1:175,000, and both men and women are susceptible to it, but the specific reasons are not yet fully understood.
Signs and symptoms
HGF may be diagnosed without a family history or long-term medication record. Clinically, patients often experience gingival hyperplasia, speech disorders, intermittent inflammation, etc. Gum hyperplasia can distort the appearance of a patient's face and may completely cover the teeth, causing tooth loss or damage.
Some obvious symptoms include: excessive growth of gums, decreased chewing efficiency, abnormal tooth movement, etc.
Causes
Current studies have shown that the cause of HGF is related to SOS1 gene mutation. This gene is functionally important in signal transduction for cell growth and differentiation. Studies to date have identified the chromosomal locations of HGF-associated mutations, including specific regions on chromosomes 2 and 5.
Diagnosis and prevention
The main way to diagnose HGF is through medical evaluation and family history. There is no proven method of prevention, but regular dental checkups can help detect problems early. After surgical treatment, patients also need to return for regular checkups to monitor re-growth.
Treatment methods
HGF is usually treated with surgery to remove excess gum tissue, but the risk of the condition returning remains. Regular follow-up after surgery is essential to keep the condition under control.
There is currently no confirmed treatment that can permanently eliminate HGF, and continued monitoring is still required after surgical resection.
Recent Research Progress
Recent studies have shown that HGF may be transmitted as a Mendelian trait, and the latest literature has confirmed its inheritance forms, including autosomal dominant and recessive. Regular oral hygiene maintenance after surgery is particularly important to prevent recurrence.
As we continue to learn more about HGF, have you ever wondered what the root cause of this disease is?
