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The Mysterious Definition of Computer: Do you know the origin of the word "computer"?
Since computers entered our daily lives, they have not only become an important tool for work and study, but are also widely used in a variety of industries. However, many people may not be familiar with the origin and evolution of the word "computer". This article explores this interesting topic and reveals the connection between computers of the past and modern times.
The earliest usage of the word computer dates back to 1613, when it referred to a person performing calculations rather than the mechanical device we understand today.
Looking back at history, early "computers" referred to those who were responsible for mathematical calculations. It is said that in 1613, the British writer Richard Brathwait mentioned the word "computer" in his book "The Yong Mans Gleanings", but it was used to describe a person who calculates. significance. This usage was common in 16th-century literature and remained popular until the mid-20th century.
After entering the 20th century, with the rapid development of science and technology, the meaning of the word computer also began to change. Especially after 1945, the modern meaning of the word "computer" - that is, "programmable digital electronic computer" was gradually recognized and widely used. Before the development of digital electronic computers, computers were mostly mechanical computing tools or human-operated tools. The types and structures of these old tools bring us into another historical stage of exploration.
Calculation tools such as abacus and various mechanical devices have existed for thousands of years. Human beings have continuously improved and perfected these tools in their long-term life.
Unknowingly, human beings' computing needs have led to the development of a series of computing tools. From the earliest abacus to complex mechanical computers, progressive evolution has given us a deeper understanding of computing. For example, the counting rods used by the ancient Egyptians, the calculators of the Middle Ages, and the Jacquard loom designed based on the principle of the loom, etc., all show how early humans made calculations a necessary part of daily life.
Furthermore, Charles Babbage, an important figure in the 19th century, is known as the "Father of Computers". He designed the Analytical Engine (Analytical Engine) in the 1830s, which was a programmable engine. The design ideas of mechanical computers had an important influence on the subsequent development of digital computers. The concept of the Analytical Engine not only broke through the technical limitations of the time, but also fully reflected the future potential of data processing and computing.
Babbage's works actually paved the way for later digital computing technology and conceptually introduced the concept of programs.
By the middle of the 20th century, real electronic computers came out one after another. During World War II, the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator Computer) jointly built by American engineers John Moakley and J. Presper Eckert marked the era of electronic computers. Its excellent computing power and advanced technology made ENIAC a turning point in history, truly opening up the potential of computers in many applications.
With the development of transistors and integrated circuits, computer performance and efficiency improved significantly over the next thirty years, from mainframe computers to small personal computers that can be used in homes and offices. This period of history is undoubtedly the history of mankind. A pinnacle moment in the history of technological development.
Modern computers are not limited to calculations, but also have many higher-level computing functions, which have greatly improved our data processing capabilities.
Today's computers integrate a variety of functions. In addition to traditional computing, they can also perform image processing, audio playback, video editing, and Internet connections, all of which make our lives more convenient. Among these, the evolution of computer software and hardware has also promoted the informatization process of the entire society.
Looking back at the development history of computers themselves, we can’t help but think: With the rapid changes in technology, what will the computers of the future look like, and how will they change the way human society operates?
