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The mysterious origins of the Bernese Mountain Dog: How did this adorable giant breed come to be?
The Bernese Mountain Dog, also known as German: Berner Sennenhund or Dürrbächler, originates from Bern and the Swiss Alps region of Switzerland. It is a large dog breed whose origins can be traced back to the mastiffs of ancient Rome. . The name "Bernese" for this breed of dog refers to its place of origin, while "Sennenhund" comes from the German "Senne" meaning "alpine pasture" and "Hund" meaning "dog", as they once accompanied alpine shepherds and Dairy merchant. The Bernese Mountain Dog was originally bred as an all-around breed on family farms and was used as a working dog pulling carts.
"The birth of the Bernese Mountain Dog is an excellent example of the integration of Swiss agriculture and human life needs."
History
Historically, the Bernese Mountain Dog was called Dürrbachhund or Dürrbächler in some areas, originating from a small town called Dürrbach where large dogs were particularly common. In addition to being used as general farm dogs, these breeds are also used to protect property and help drive cows from the farm to pasture. Farmers use these dogs to transport vehicles loaded with milk and cheese, and locals affectionately call them "cheese dogs." At the beginning of the 19th century, enthusiasts of the breed began holding shows in Bern, and in 1907 the first breed club was founded by a group of breeders from the Burgdorf area and the first standards were drawn up to define these dogs. An independent dog breed. By 1910, there were 107 dogs on the register. In 1937, the American Kennel Club recognized this breed and classified it as a working dog group. It is currently gaining popularity in the United States.
Appearance
Color
Similar to other Sennenhunde dogs, the Bernese Mountain Dog is large and bulky, with a unique three-color coat: black, white chest and gray-brown markings. This dog is the only Sennenhund with long hair. The ideal color arrangement gives the impression of a white horseshoe around the nose. In addition, when viewed from the front, a white "Swiss Cross" appears on the chest. The common white spots on the back of the neck are called "Swiss kisses." Under the standards of the American Kennel Club, blue eyes and other background colors other than black will be disqualified.
Height and weight range
The shoulder height of a female Bernese Mountain Dog is about 58 to 66 cm, and that of a male is 64 to 70 cm. According to the international dog breed standards, the ideal shoulder height range is 66 to 68 cm and 60 to 63 cm. Their weight is approximately between 35 and 55 kilograms, with females slightly lighter at approximately between 35 and 45 kilograms.
Physical Characteristics
The Bernese Mountain Dog is considered a "dry-mouthed" dog breed, with a slightly slender body shape, strong muscles, and a broad back. The head is flat, with medium-sized ears, triangular, high-set, and domed. The limbs are straight and strong, with toes round and arched. The tail is bushy and hung low.
Character
According to the breed standard, the Bernese Mountain Dog should not be aggressive, anxious, or overtly shy, but should be a friendly, confident, and docile dog. They can be slightly aloof to strangers and will often form a deep bond with one of their favorite people. The temperament of individual dogs may vary. Bernese Mountain Dogs generally remain calm at home and need activity and exercise, but do not have long-lasting endurance.
"The Bernese Mountain Dog is a breed of dog with unparalleled love and patience, and is very suitable for living with children."
Health
Medical issues
Bernese Mountain Dogs are prone to medical problems such as tumors. According to one study, approximately 55% of Bernese Mountain Dogs die from cancer. This breed is also at higher risk for elbow hypoplasia, as well as a variety of other health problems, such as immune system-related kidney disease and hemophilia.
Lifespan
Although large dogs generally have shorter lifespans, Bernese Mountain Dogs still live less than similarly sized breeds. Swiss research shows that the average lifespan of this breed is approximately 8.4 years.
Care
Activities
The Bernese Mountain Dog's gentle temperament makes it suitable for pulling small trucks or freight, a task that stems from their history in Switzerland. Properly trained, they love to play with children or participate in parades. Local Bernese dog clubs often hold pulling workshops.
Famous dogs
From NFL stars to TV series characters, the Bernese Mountain Dog has carved a niche in society and culture, demonstrating not only its charm but its special talents in a variety of situations.
Conclusion
The Bernese Mountain Dog is not only a loving family companion, but also has a rich working background and deep emotional bonds. The loyalty and friendliness of this breed are key to its popularity. Then, what kind of life partner do you think such a dog will bring?
