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Featured researches published by A. A. Karelin.


Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine | 2002

Activity of Glutathione-Metabolizing and Antioxidant Enzymes in Malignant and Benign Tumors of Human Lungs

R. N. Korotkina; G. N. Matskevich; A. Sh. Devlikanova; A. A. Vishnevskii; A. G. Kunitsyn; A. A. Karelin

We measured the content of glutathione and activity of glutathione-metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase in samples obtained from 52 patients with malignant lung tumors and 20 patients with benign lung tumors. The content of glutathione and activity of glutathione-metabolizing enzymes underwent similar changes, but these changes were most pronounced in malignant tumors. Antioxidant enzyme activity changed insignificantly in benign tumors, but significantly decreased in malignant tumors (squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma). The severity of changes in malignant tumors depended on the degree of malignancy. Most pronounced changes were observed in adenocarcinoma, which often metastasizes and is resistant to chemotherapy. These changes were least pronounced in bronchoalveolar carcinoma sensitive to chemotherapy.


Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine | 1991

Mobility of neutrophils in patients with infected wounds (express analysis using the magiscan image processor)

Galkin Aa; Tumanov Ea; M. M. Filippov; Svetukhin Am; E. N. Timin; A. A. Karelin

The clinical use of a test of leukocyte mobility to assess the functional state of the nonspecific immunity system is restricted by the lack of any express method of recording and processing the data. In recent years semiautomatic systems have been developed for studying mobility of various types of cells [2, 6], and completely automated methods of recording and analysis of mobility also have been produced on the basis of image processing systems [1, 4]. Until now automatic methods have been used only in experimental research. The investigation described below is the first attempt at clinical use of an automatic image processing system for the express analysis of leukocyte mobility in patients with wound infection.


Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine | 1997

Effect of activators on neutrophil mobility

Galkin Aa; Tumanov Ea; E. N. Timin; A. A. Karelin

Effect of various activators on chaotic movement of neutrophls on the glass is studied using a Magiscan 2A automatic image analysis system. All tested agents in concentration inducing neutrophil activation suppress their mobility, but no one completely inhibits neutrophil motion. The cells retain the ability to change their shape and partially to move.


Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine | 1996

Accumulation of ATP by plasma membranes of human and rat hepatocytes induced by some growth factors and phosphatidylcholine

A. G. Globa; V. A. Vishnevskii; V. S. Demidova; O. Yu. Abakumova; A. A. Karelin

Using the method of ATP luminometry it is shown that crude membrane preparations from human and rat hepatocytes accumulate ATP 20–100 nmol/mg protein during a 1-min incubation under conditions of oxidative phosphorylation. Application of appropriate inhibitors shows that a possible contamination of the membrane preparations with mitochondria does not contribute to this ATP accumulation. Phosphatidylcholine, tumor necrosis factor, and cell proliferation factor markedly stimulate the accumulation of ATP by plasma membraneenriched particles isolated from rat and human liver. The hepatocyte plasma membrane is shown to be able to synthesize ATP from inorganic phosphate and ADP using the aerobic mechanism. ATP in the plasma membrane is assumed to participate in the transmembrane signal transduction from growth factors to the cell effector systems.


Biochemistry (moscow) Supplement Series B: Biomedical Chemistry | 2007

[Study of gene expression of cytokines and apoptotic factors in blood and tissues from patients with surgery infection by the method of real-time polymerase chain reaction].

A. G. Globa; O. N. Dikova; V. S. Demidova; A. A. Karelin

The expression of cytokines and markers of apoptosis was studied in the whole blood of 10 volunteers by means of reverse transcription method combined with real-time PCR. These factors were also measured in the whole blood, in inflammation nodal tissues and in amputated tissues taken from 17 patients with local surgical infection. No expression of the examined factors in whole blood of volunteers has been observed. However, genes of cytokines and the apoptotic markers were expressed in different levels in lymphocytes of the whole blood of patients with local surgery infection. This expression was lower in tissues from the amputated tissues and was almost absent in tissues from the inflammation nidus, except of the gene, encoding caspase-8. These results suggest that number of pro-and antiinflammating cytokines and apoptotic factors are expressed in peripheral blood and tissue lymphocytes at the formation of the systemic inflammation response syndrome.


Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine | 2000

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity during surgical intervention under condition of hypothermic perfusion

R. N. Korotkina; V. G. Rudneva; N. E. Zatsepina; L. S. Lokshin; L. S. Smirnov; A. A. Karelin

Platelet and plasma monoamine oxidase activity was determined at early stages of hypothermic perfusion and circulatory arrest. Monoamine oxidase activity decreased more drastically and restored more slowly against the background of deep (14°C) compared to moderate hypothermia (25–29°C). The decrease in platelet monoamine oxidase activity was accompanied by its increase in the plasma, which attests to mechanical (in tubes) and toxic damage to platelets. The latter is associated with increased partial O2 pressure in the plasma during hypothermia, which promotes the formation of reactive oxygen species.


Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine | 2000

In Vitro Effects of Folic Acid on γ-Glutamyltransferase and Glutathione Reductase Activities in Malignant Lung and Thymus Tumors

A. A. Karelin; R. N. Korotkina; G. N. Matskevich; V. V. Borisov; A. A. Vishnevskii; L. V. Polikarpova; A. G. Kunitsyn

In vitro effects of folic acid (10−5, 10−4, and 10−3 M) on activities of γ-glutamyltransferase and glutathione reductase, the enzymes involved in glutathione metabolism, were studied in tissue samples obtained after surgical treatment of the lungs and thymus. Folic acid did not change γ-glutamyltransferase activity in lung cancer tissue, but in thymoma tissue this substance in a concentration of 10−3 M inhibited it by 16%. Folic acid had no effects on glutathione reductase activity in benign tumors and normal lung and thymus tissues, but increased this activity in thymoma and lung cancer tissues. Activation of glutathione reductase was probably related to binding of folic acid in the allosteric center of the enzyme, which probably induced conformational changes in the catalytic center, acceleration of electron transport from NADPH2 to oxidized glutathione via flavin adenine nucleotide, and intense production of reduced glutathione.


Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine | 1999

Plasma membrane signal-transducing ATP

A. A. Karelin; A. G. Globa; V. S. Demidova

Plasma membranes of target cells generate considerable amounts of ATP in response to binding of growth factors, cytokines, and oncoproteins. Plasma membrane ATP is formed at the stage of ligand-receptor signal transduction by the anaerobic pathway with the involvement of plasma membrane redox systems and Na+ (but not adenylate cyclase). The assumption on the involvement of transitory reversed Na+, K+-ATPase in the synthesis of plasma membrane ATP is confirmed by inhibitory analysis. ATP-producing activity of plasma membrane-enriched particles isolated from various target cells in response to various growth factors was studied. The formation of plasma membrane ATP is stimulated by growth factors and cytokines interacting with integral tyrosine kinase receptors or soluble tyrosine kinases in the cytosol. Various tyrosine kinase inhibitors act by utilizing plasma membrane ATP. Plasma membrane ATP is assumed to be a messeger and amplifier of ligand-receptor signals in plasma membranes of animal cells.


Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine | 1990

Automatic recording and analysis of leukocyte migration based on an image analysis system

Tumanov Ea; Galkin Aa; M. M. Filippov; V. V. Sakovich; A. A. Karelin


Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine | 1997

Effect of the activators on neutrophil motility

Galkin Aa; Tumanov Ea; E. N. Timin; A. A. Karelin

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