A. B. Larionov

Transport-theoretical Description of Nuclear Reactions

In this review we first outline the basics of transport theory and its recent generalization to o shell transport. We then present in some detail the main ingredients of any transport method using in particular the Giessen Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (GiBUU) implementation of this theory as an example. We discuss the potentials used, the ground state initialization and the collision term, including the in-medium modifications of the latter. The central part of this review covers applications of GiBUU to a wide class of reactions, starting from pion-induced reactions over proton and antiproton reactions on nuclei to heavy-ion collisions (up to about 30 AGeV). A major part concerns also the description of photon-, electron- and neutrino-induced reactions (in the energy range from a few 100 MeV to a few 100 GeV). For this wide class of reactions GiBUU gives an excellent description with the same physics input and the same code being used. We argue that GiBUU is an indispensable tool for any investigation of nuclear reactions in which final-state interactions play a role. Studies of pion-nucleus interactions, nuclear fragmentation, heavy-ion reactions, hypernucleus formation, hadronization, color transparency, electronnucleus collisions and neutrino-nucleus interactions are all possible applications of GiBUU and are discussed in this article.

PET monitoring of cancer therapy with 3He and 12C beams: a study with the GEANT4 toolkit

We study the spatial distributions of beta(+)-activity produced by therapeutic beams of (3)He and (12)C ions in various tissue-like materials. The calculations were performed within a Monte Carlo model for heavy-ion therapy (MCHIT) based on the GEANT4 toolkit. The contributions from positron-emitting nuclei with T(1/2) > 10 s, namely (10,11)C, (13)N, (14,15)O, (17,18)F and (30)P, were calculated and compared with experimental data obtained during and after irradiation, where available. Positron-emitting nuclei are created by a (12)C beam in fragmentation reactions of projectile and target nuclei. This leads to a beta(+)-activity profile characterized by a noticeable peak located close to the Bragg peak in the corresponding depth-dose distribution. This can be used for dose monitoring in carbon-ion therapy of cancer. In contrast, as most of the positron-emitting nuclei are produced by a (3)He beam in target fragmentation reactions, the calculated total beta(+)-activity during or soon after the irradiation period is evenly distributed within the projectile range. However, we predict also the presence of (13)N, (14)O, (17,18)F created in charge-transfer reactions by low-energy (3)He ions close to the end of their range in several tissue-like media. The time evolution of beta(+)-activity profiles was investigated for both kinds of beams. We found that due to the production of (18)F nuclides the beta(+)-activity profile measured 2 or 3 h after irradiation with (3)He ions will have a distinct peak correlated with the maximum of depth-dose distribution. We also found certain advantages of low-energy (3)He beams over low-energy proton beams for reliable PET monitoring during particle therapy of shallow-located tumours. In this case the distal edge of beta(+)-activity distribution from (17)F nuclei clearly marks the range of (3)He in tissues.

Kaon and hyperon production in antiproton-induced reactions on nuclei

We study the strangeness production in antiproton-nucleus collisions at beam momenta from 200 MeV/

Formation of double-Λ hypernuclei at PANDA

c

Dynamical simulation of bound antiproton-nuclear systems and observable signals of cold nuclear compression

to 15 GeV/

Breathing mode in an improved transport approach

c

In-medium effects on hypernuclear formation

and in

Color transparency in π − -induced dilepton production on nuclei

\overline{p}

Determination of the structure of the X(3872) in p¯A collisions

annihilation at rest within the Giessen Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (GiBUU) transport model. The GiBUU model contains a very detailed description of underlying antinucleon-nucleon cross sections, in particular, of the strangeness production channels. We compare our calculations with experimental data on

Polarized

\ensuremath{\Lambda}