A. B. Vyshtakalyuk

Complexation of pectin with macro- and microelements. Antianemic activity of Na, Fe and Na, Ca, Fe complexes.

New water-soluble pectin complexes with Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Co(2+), Cu(2+), Fe(2+), Mn(2+), Zn(2+) on the basis of pectin biopolymer have been synthesized and successfully tested on white rats. For a starting, we have obtained a sodium pectate to enhance solubility of target complexes as a whole. Shortly afterwards, running the reaction of ligand exchange of Nа(+) ions with corresponding s-, d- metal cations we were able to synthesize new pectin complexes. The ranges of s-, d-metals salts concentrations were detected experimentally, in which the selective formation of water-soluble complexes occurred. Antianemic effect of new pectin complexes with Na, Fe and Na, Ca, Fe was investigated on white rats with posthemorrhagic anemia. Under the effect of complexes, the improvement of animals and prevention of erythropoiesis disorders were observed. Antianemic effect of the complexes manifested itself in the doses equivalent to 25% or 50% of the iron daily rate, recommended in the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia with the drugs based on iron sulphate.

Evaluation of the Hepatoprotective Effect of L-Ascorbate 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-4,6-Dimethyl-1,2-Dihydropyrimidine-2-One Upon Exposure to Carbon Tetrachloride

Hepatoprotective properties of a new pyrimidine derivative — L-ascorbate 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,6-dimethyl-1,2-dihydropyrimidine-2-one, synthesized on the basis Xymedon, were assessed in white rats exposed to CCl4. The compound under study administered prior to exposure to CCl4 reduced the deviation of biochemical parameters from reference values and severity of structural and morphological changes in liver, when compared to the control. Hepatoprotective properties of the studied compound were more pronounced than those of Xymedon.

Synthesis and physicochemical properties of antianemic iron and calcium complexes with sodium polygalacturonate

New stable water-soluble metal complexes of citrus pectin (sodium polygalacturonate, PG-Na) with biogenic microelements (Ca and Fe) that we synthesized were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and atomic force microscopy. The temperature dependence of the mass of PG-Na, PG-NaFe, and PG-NaFeCa samples was studied by simultaneous thermal analysis. Water was found to be the major component of the gas phase in the first stage of mass loss of PG-NaFe and PG-NaFeCa, while the second stage involves decarboxylation and decomposition. The stimulating action of PG-NaFe and PG-NaFeCa on hematopoiesis in outbred rats during growing period, manifested as more than 10% increase in the hemoglobin concentration, was demonstrated.

Isolation and Structural And Chemical Analysis of Pectinic Polysaccharides from Amaranthus cruentus

Pectinic polysaccharides were isolated and characterized for the first time from the aerial part of Amaranthus cruentus L. The structural and chemical characteristics of the pectinic polysaccharides were analyzed by NMR, IR, HPLC, and AFM. It was shown that amaranth pectin had a linear α-1,4-D-galacturonan portion and branched rhamnogalacturonan regions. The neutral sugars were Rha, Ara, Gal, and Xyl.

Pectic polysaccharides from the plant Amaranthus cruentus. Water-soluble complexes of amaranth pectin with macro- and microelements

Results of development of novel original methods of isolation of the pectic polysaccharide (pectin) from amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) have been summarized and systematized. The technology of its integrated processing has been suggested, which is based on the extraction of pectin, rutin and plant protein from the dried amaranth biomass within one manufacturing process. Hydrolysis in rotary-pulse apparatuses is intensified by the application of the whey, which is the dairy waste, as a hydrolysis medium. Intermediate products of the hydrolysis-extraction of the amaranth can be used as a feed supplement for poultry. Chemical modification of pectic polysaccharides gave new physiologically active compounds, which are the water soluble complexes with macro- and microelements. Lack of toxicity, distinct antianemic effect and stimulation of hematopoietic system have been revealed.

Xymedon conjugate with biogenic acids. Antioxidant properties of a conjugate of Xymedon with l-ascorbic acid

Antiradical activity and antioxidant properties of a conjugate of Xymedon with l-ascorbic acid were studied. In contrast to Xymedon, a conjugate of Xymedon with l-ascorbic acid was found to react with free radicals. Pro-oxidant activity of the conjugate of Xymedon with l-ascorbic acid in a chemiluminescence system is weaker as compared to individual l-ascorbic acid. This is the evidence of the increase in the stability of ascorbic acid upon conjugation with a molecule of Xymedon. Conjugate of Xymedon with l-ascorbic acid facilitates the decrease in the concentration of a lipid peroxidation product (malondialdehyde) and the activity of superoxide dismutase in liver and serum of laboratory animals exposed to intoxication with a known hepatotropic toxin CCl4. This observation shows the contribution of the antioxidant action to the hepatoprotective effect of the studied Xymedon derivative.