A.G. Supri

Effect of PE-g-MAH as Compatibilizer on Properties of LDPE/NR/WHF Composites

In this work, the effect of PE-g-MAH as compatibilizer in polyethylene/ natural rubber/ water hyacinth fibers composites were prepared and characterized in terms of tensile properties, morphology properties, swelling behavior and FTIR characteristic. Water hyacinth fibers (WHF) was used as reinforced fiber in the composites incorporated into the LDPE/NR matrices with different fiber loading. LDPE/NR/WHF composites were prepared with Z-blade mixer at 180°C with rotor speed of 50 rpm for 10 minutes. The presence of PE-g-MAH increased the tensile strength and Young’s modulus while reduced the elongation at break of LDPE/NR/WHF composites. The molar sorption of the composites decreased as the fiber loading increased. SEM morphology showed a better fiber dispersion and fiber distribution indicated PE-g-MAH improved the interfaces between water hyacinth fiber and LDPE/NR matrices. The absorption peak at 1741.52cm-1 indicated ester carbonyl group in LDPE/NR/WHFPE-g-MAH composites.

Structural and Electrical Properties of Graphite in Polyaniline/Graphite (PANI/G) Composites

Polyaniline and graphite composites at different graphite loading were synthesized via solution method by using N-Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent. The structural and electrical properties of the composites were analyzed by using XRD, FT-IR and four-point probe method. The increment in the graphite content improved the conductivity of polyaniline (PANI) from 0.017 to 0.050 S/cm. The improvement in conductivity were also being observed through peak shifted in XRD pattern and FT-IR spectra.

Effect of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA) on Tensile Properties and Spectroscopy Infrared (FTIR) Characteristics of LDPE/WHF Composites

In this work, the effect of PMMA in low density polyethylene/water hyacinth fibers composites were prepared and characterized in terms of tensile properties and FTIR characteristics. Water hyacinth fibers (WHF) were incorporated into the LDPE matrix with different fiber loading. LDPE/WHF and LDPE/WHFPMMA composites were prepared with Z-blade mixer at 180 °C with rotor speed of 50 rpm. The PMMA modified WHF increased the tensile strength and Young’s modulus while reduced the elongation at break of LDPE/WHFPMMA composites in comparison with LDPE/WHF composites. The absorption peak at 1736.28 cm-1 indicated the presence of ester carbonyl group (C=O) in LDPE/WHFPMMA composites.

Effect of Benzyl Urea on Properties of Recycled High Density Polyethylene/Ethylene Vinyl Acetate/Egg Shell Powder Composites

This paper presents the study on the effects of benzyl urea (BU) on the mechanical, morphological, and water absorption properties of recycled high density polyethylene/ ethylene vinyl acetate/ eggshell (rHDPE/EVA/ESP) composites. The results indicated significant improvement in the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of the compatibilized composites due to better interfacial adhesion between the rHDPE and EVA. The water resistance properties were increased by the addition of the BU to the rHDPE/EVA/ESP composites. This study may suggest that BU can act as compatibilizer to enhance the interfacial interaction between the rHDPE and EVA matrix in the rHDPE/EVA/ESP composites.

Effect of Wood Fiber Treated with Salicylic Acid/Ethanol on Tensile Properties and Thermal Stability of Recycled High Density Polyethylene/Wood Fiber Composites

The effect of salicylic acid/ethanol as a coupling agent on the tensile properties and thermal stability of recycled high density polyethylene/wood fiber (rHDPE/WF) composites were studied. Both composites rHDPE/WF and rHDPE/WFM (treatment with salicylic acid) were prepared using Brabender Plasticorder at temperature of 160°C and rotor speed of 50 rpm. The result indicated that rHDPE/WFM composites with salicylic acid exhibit higher tensile strength and modulus of elasticity and lower elongation at break than rHDPE/WF composites. It was also found that the addition of salicylic acid/ethanol shows better thermal stability in rHDPE/WFM composites than rHDPE/WF composites.

Effect of Salicylic Acid / Ethanol Treatment on Tensile Properties and Morphology Analysis of Recycled High Density Polyethylene / Wood Fiber Composites

The effect of salicylic acid as a coupling agent on the tensile properties, and morphology analysis of recycled high density polyethylene/wood fiber (rHDPE/WF) composites were studied. Both composites rHDPE/WF and rHDPE/WFM (treatment with salicylic acid) were prepared using Brabender Plasticorder at temperature of 160°C and rotor speed of 50 rpm. The result indicated that rHDPE/WFM composites with salicylic acid exhibit higher tensile strength and modulus of elasticity but lower elongation at break than rHDPE/WF composites. The SEM micrographs showed that the wood fiber was more widely dispersed in the rHDPE matrix with addition of ethyl salicylate than rHDPE/WFM.

rHDPE/Wood Fiber Composites: Effect of Maleic Anhydride on Tensile Properties and Morphology Analysis

The effect of maleic anhydride as a coupling agent on the tensile properties and morphology of recycled high density polyethylene/wood fiber (rHDPE/WF) composites were studied. rHDPE/WF composites with different wood fiber loading and the addition of maleic anhydride were prepared with Brabender Plasticorder at temperature of 160°C and rotor speed of 50 rpm. The result indicated that rHDPE/WFM composites with maleic anhydride exhibit higher tensile strength and modulus of elasticity than rHDPE/WF composites. rHDPE/WFM with maleic anhydride composites gave a better interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the fiber than rHDPE/WF composites as evidence using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Mechanical Properties, Swelling Behavior and Morphology Properties of Dynamic Vulcanized Low Density Polyethylene/Natural Rubber/Water Hyacinth Fibers Composites

The effect of dynamic vulcanization and fiber loading on properties of low density polyethylene (LDPE)/natural rubber (NR)/water hyacinth fibers (WHF) were investigated. In this study, the vulcanized thermoplastics were obtained by in situ dynamic curing of LDPE/NR/WHF composites. The LDPE/NR/WHF composites with different fiber loading were prepared by using Brabender mixer at 180 °C with the rotor speed of 50 rpm. The results showed that dynamic vulcanized LDPE/NR/WHF composites gave a higher tensile strength, Young’s modulus, elongation at break but lower molar sorption than unvulcanized LDPE/NR/WHF composites. The SEM micrographs also displayed better fibers dispersion and the crosslink formation in dynamic vulcanized LDPE/NR/WHF composites indicated better interfacial bonding among fibers and matrix compared to unvulcanized LDPE/NR/WHF composites.

Effect of Maleic Anhydride (MA) on Properties of Recycled High Density Polyethylene/Ethylene Vinyl Acetate/Egg Shell Powder (rHDPE/EVA/ESP) Composites

The difference in polarity of recycled high density polyethylene (rHDPE) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) blends leads to poor mechanical properties (Atul Rajan, 2013). Present works aim at finding the effects of maleic anhydride on the mechanical, morphological, and water resistance properties of rHDPE/EVA/ESP blends. It is shown that there is a significant improvement on tensile strength, interfacial adhesion between components, and water absorption resistance of adding maleic anhydride (MA) to rHDPE/EVA/ESP blends. This study may suggest that the MA can act as compatibilizer to enhance the interfacial interaction between the rHDPE and EVA matrix in the rHDPE/EVA/ESP composites.

Deformation and energy absorption characteristics of Biomass foam composites

Deformation and energy absorption characteristic of biomass foam composites are important in crashwortyness efficiency. The type of foam that had been used in this research is polyurethane (PU) foam with plant-based filler which are turmeric powder (Curcuma Longa), charcoal powder, henna powder ( Lawsonia inermis) and lemon grass powder (Cymbopogon) that give natural color to the composites. The percentages of filler was specified to 10% by weight. PU foam was prepared by reaction of natural oil polyol and isocyanate with a ratio of 1 to 1.1 by weight. The mixture was stirred with 1500 rpm and was poured into the mould when mixture starting to expand. Band saw was used to cut the sample with desired dimension. The characterization of filler was done using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Compression was tested using Ultimate Testing Machine (UTM) and scale to weigh the sample. Composites with henna filler have ductile like behavior that proved in stress-strain curved that show the rough line in the graph. Other composites have rigid like behavior which have a smooth line in a stress - strain curve.