A. J. Cenarro

JPCAM: A 1.2 GPIXEL CAMERA FOR THE J-PAS SURVEY

JPCam is a 14-CCD mosaic camera, using the new e2v 9k-by-9k 10microm-pixel 16-channel detectors, to be deployed on a dedicated 2.55m wide-field telescope at the OAJ (Observatorio Astrofisico de Javalambre) in Aragon, Spain. The camera is designed to perform a Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) survey of the northern sky. The J-PAS survey strategy will use 54 relatively narrow-band (~13.8nm) filters equi-spaced between 370 and 920nm plus 3 broad-band filters to achieve unprecedented photometric red-shift accuracies for faint galaxies over ~8000 square degrees of sky. The cryostat, detector mosaic and read electronics is being supplied by e2v under contract to J-PAS while the mechanical structure, housing the shutter and filter assembly, is being designed and constructed by a Brazilian consortium led by INPE (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais). Four sets of 14 filters are placed in the ambient environment, just above the dewar window but directly in line with the detectors, leading to a mosaic having ~10mm gaps between each CCD. The massive 500mm aperture shutter is expected to be supplied by the Argelander-Institut fur Astronomie, Bonn. We will present an overview of JPCam, from the filter configuration through to the CCD mosaic camera. A brief outline of the main J-PAS science projects will be included.

Design of the J-PAS and J-PLUS filter systems

J-PAS (Javalambre-PAU Astrophysical Survey) is a Spanish-Brazilian collaboration to conduct an innovative photometric survey of more than 8000 square degrees of northern sky using a system of 57 filters, 54 narrow-band (FWHM=13.8 nm) filters continuously populating the spectrum between 370 to 920 nm with 10.0 nm steps, plus 3 broad-band filters. Together with the main J-PAS survey, the collaboration is carrying out J-PLUS (the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey), an all-sky survey using a set of 12 carefully optimized broad- and narrow-band filters that will be used to perform the calibration tasks for the main survey. The J-PAS survey will be carried out using JPCam, a 14-CCD mosaic camera using the new e2v 9.2k-by-9.2k, 10μm pixel detectors, mounted on the JST/T250, a dedicated 2.55-m wide-field telescope at the Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ) in Teruel, Spain. J-PLUS, on the other hand, will be carried out using a wide field CCD camera (the T80Cam) equipped with a large format STA 1600 CCD (10.5k-by-10.5k, 9μm pixel) and mounted on the JAST/T80, a dedicated 0.83-m wide-field telescope at the OAJ. In both cases, the filters will operate close to, but up-stream from the dewar window in a fast converging optical beam. This optical configuration imposes challenging requirements for the J-PLUS and J-PAS filters, some of them requiring the development of new filter design solutions. This paper describes the main requirements and design strategies for these two sets of filters.

The Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre: goals and current status

The Observatorio Astrofsico de Javalambre in Spain is a new astronomical facility particularly conceived for carrying out large sky surveys with two unprecedented telescopes of unusually large elds of view: the JST/T250, a 2.55m telescope of 3deg eld of view, and the JAST/T80, an 83cm telescope of 2deg eld of view. The most immediate objective of the two telescopes for the next years is carrying out two unique photometric surveys of several thousands square degrees, J-PAS and J-PLUS, each of them with a wide range of scientic applications, like e.g. large structure cosmology and Dark Energy, galaxy evolution, supernovae, Milky Way structure, exoplanets, among many others. To do that, JST and JAST will be equipped with panoramic cameras under development within the J-PAS collaboration, JPCam and T80Cam respectively, which make use of large format (~10k×10k) CCDs covering the entire focal plane. This paper describes the current status and expected schedule of the overall project, the main characteristics of the telescopes, their cameras, the technical requirements of the two planned surveys, as well as the general operation strategy of the observatory.

T80Cam: the wide field camera for the OAJ 83-cm telescope

The Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ) is a new astronomical facility located at the Sierra de Javalambre (Teruel, Spain) whose primary role will be to conduct all-sky astronomical surveys. The OAJ facility will have two wide-field telescopes: the JST/T250; a 2.55-m telescope with a 3° diameter field of view (FoV), and the JAST/T80; an 0.83-m telescope with a 2° diameter FoV. First light instrumentation is being designed to exploit the survey capabilities of the OAJ telescopes. This paper describes the T80Cam, a wide-field camera that will be installed at the Cassegrain focus of the JAST/T80. It is equipped with an STA 1600 backside illuminated detector. This is a 10.5k-by-10.5k, 9μm pixel, high efficiency CCD that is read from 16 ports simultaneously, allowing read times of ~20s with a typical read noise of 6 electrons (rms). This full wafer CCD covers a large fraction of the JAST/T80’s FoV with a pixel scale of ~0.50/pixel. T80Cam will observe in the wavelength range 330-1000nm through a set of 12 carefully optimized broad-, intermediate- and narrow-band filters. The camera is intended for surveys with the JAST/T80 telescope, starting with the planned J-PLUS (Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey), a multi-band photometric all-sky survey that will be completed in about 2 years and will reach AB∼ 23 mag (5σ level) with the SDSS filters.

An accurate cluster selection function for the J-PAS narrow-band wide-field survey

The impending Javalambre Physics of the accelerating Universe Astrophysical Survey (J-PAS) will be the first wide-field survey of ≳ 8500 deg^2 to reach the ‘stage IV’ category. Because of the redshift resolution afforded by 54 narrow-band filters, J-PAS is particularly suitable for cluster detection in the range z 80 per cent completeness and purity is M_h ∼ 5 × 10^(13)u2009M_⊙ up to z ∼ 0.7. We also model the optical observable, M^∗_(CL)–halo mass relation, finding a non-evolution with redshift and main scatter of σM^∗_(CL)|M_h∼0.14dex down to a factor 2 lower in mass than other planned broad-band stage IV surveys, at least. For the M_h ∼ 1 × 10^(14)u2009M_⊙ Planck mass limit, J-PAS will arrive up to z ∼ 0.85 with a σM^∗_(CL)|M_h∼0.12dex. Therefore, J-PAS will provide the largest sample of clusters and groups up to z ∼ 0.8 with a mass calibration accuracy comparable to X-ray data.

The Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre: current status, developments, operations and strategies

The Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ) is a new Spanish astronomical facility particularly designed for carrying out large sky surveys. The OAJ is mainly motivated by the development of J-PAS, the Javalambre- PAU Astrophysical Survey, an unprecedented astronomical survey that aims to observe 8500 deg2 of the sky with a set of 54 optical contiguous narrow-band filters (FWHM ~14 nm) and 5 mid and broad-band ones. J-PAS will provide a low resolution spectrum (R ~ 50) for every pixel of the Northern sky down to AB~22:5 - 23:5 per square arcsecond (at 5 σ level), depending on the narrow-band filter, and ~ 2 magnitudes deeper for the redder broad-band filters. The main telescope at the OAJ is the Javalambre Survey Telescope (JST/T250), an innovative Ritchey-Chrétien, alt-azimuthal, large-etendue telescope with a primary mirror diameter of 2.55m and 3 deg (diameter) FoV. The JST/T250 is the telescope devoted to conduct J-PAS with JPCam, a panoramic camera of 4.7 deg2 FoV and a mosaic of 14 large format CCDs that, overall, amounts to 1.2 Gpix. The second largest telescope at the OAJ is the Javalambre Auxiliary Survey Telescope (JAST/T80), a Ritchey-Chrétien, German-equatorial telescope of 82 cm primary mirror and 2 deg FoV, whose main goal is to perform J-PLUS, the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey. J-PLUS will cover the same sky area of J-PAS using the panoramic camera T80Cam with 12 filters in the optical range, which are specifically defined to perform the photometric calibration of J-PAS. The OAJ project officially started in mid 2010. Four years later, the OAJ is mostly completed and the first OAJ operations have already started. The civil work and engineering installations are finished, including the telescope buildings and the domes. JAST/T80 is at the OAJ undertaking commissioning tasks, and JST/T250 is in AIV phase at the OAJ. Related astronomical subsystems like the seeing and atmospheric extinction monitors and the all-sky camera are fully operative. This paper aims to present a brief description and status of the OAJ main installations, telescopes and cameras. The current development and operation plan of the OAJ in terms of staffing organization, resources, observation scheduling, and data archiving, is also described.

Galaxy properties from J-PAS narrow-band photometry

AMN acknowledges support from the Sociedad Mexicana de Fisica through its Program Mexico-Centro America y el Caribe para el Avance de la Ciencia, la Tecnologia y la Innovacion, and thanks the Centro de Investigaciones de Astronomia (CIDA) for a graduate student grant. AMN also thanks the warm hospitality of the Instituto de Radioastronomia y Astrofisica of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (IRyA, UNAM) and the Centro de Estudios de Fisica del Cosmos de Aragon (CEFCA) during part of this research. GB acknowledges support for this work from UNAM through grant PAPIIT IG100115. n nFunding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society and the Higher Education Funding Council for England.

Software and cyber-infrastructure development to control the Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ)

The Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ) is a new astronomical facility located at the Sierra de Javalambre (Teruel, Spain) whose primary role will be to conduct all-sky astronomical surveys with two unprecedented telescopes of unusually large fields of view: the JST/T250, a 2.55m telescope of 3deg field of view, and the JAST/T80, an 83cm telescope of 2deg field of view. CEFCA engineering team has been designing the OAJ control system as a global concept to manage, monitor, control and maintain all the observatory systems including not only astronomical subsystems but also infrastructure and other facilities. In order to provide quality, reliability and efficiency, the OAJ control system (OCS) design is based on CIA (Control Integrated Architecture) and OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) as a key to improve day and night operation processes. The OCS goes from low level hardware layer including IOs connected directly to sensors and actuators deployed around the whole observatory systems, including telescopes and astronomical instrumentation, up to the high level software layer as a tool to perform efficiently observatory operations. We will give an overview of the OAJ control system design and implementation from an engineering point of view, giving details of the design criteria, technology, architecture, standards, functional blocks, model structure, development, deployment, goals, report about the actual status and next steps.

The Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre: engineering of observatory facilities and physical infrastructure, goals, and current status

The Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre in Spain is a new astronomical facility particularly conceived for carrying out large sky surveys with two unprecedented telescopes of unusually large fields of view: the JST/T250, a 2.55m telescope of 3deg field of view, and the JAST/T80, an 83cm telescope of 2deg field of view. The most immediate objective of the two telescopes for the next years is carrying out two unique photometric surveys of several thousands square degrees, J-PAS[9][14][16] and J-PLUS [14][16], each of them with a wide range of scientific applications, like e.g. large structure cosmology and Dark Energy, galaxy evolution, supernovae, Milky Way structure, exoplanets, among many others. To do that, JST and JAST will be equipped with panoramic cameras under development within the J-PAS collaboration, JPCam and T80Cam respectively, which make use of large format (~ 10k x 10k) CCDs covering the entire focal plane. This paper describes in detail the engineering development of the overall facilities and infrastructures for the robotic observatory and a global overview of current status and future actions to perform from engineering point of view.

Data management pipeline and hardware facilities for J-PAS and J-PLUS surveys archiving and processing

The Observatorio Astrofisico de Javalambre have two main telescopes: JST/T250, a 2.5m 3deg FoV and JAST/T80 with 2deg FoV. From OAJ two surveys of 8500 square degrees will be carried out. J-PAS using 54 narrow and several broad band filters and J-PLUS using 12 filters. nBoth surveys will produce ~2.5 PB of data. This contribution presents the software and hardware architecturen to store, process and publish the data. Results about pipeline and hardware performance with data collected during nthe first months of JAST/T80 operation will be presented.