A. K. Gangwar

Repair of abdominal wall hernias using acellular dermal matrix in goats

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) of caprine origin for the repair of abdominal wall hernias in six goats. The skin of goat was de-epithelialised using a 2 M sodium chloride solution and 0.25% trypsin, and further decellularised using 2% sodium deoxycholate, which was then used as graft material. Under xylazine sedation and local infiltration analgesia, the abdominal wall hernias were repaired with ADM graft using inlay graft technique. All animals had an uneventful recovery without clinical signs of wound dehiscence, infection or recurrence of hernia during 6 months follow-up periods.

Using acellular aortic matrix to repair umbilical hernias of calves

BACKGROUND Umbilical hernias are a relatively common, possibly hereditary, condition in calves. Acellular aortic matrix (AAM) was evaluated for the repair of umbilical hernias in nine calves. METHODS Fresh buffalo aorta to be used as a graft was decellularised using 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 0.25% trypsin. Under xylazine sedation and local analgesia, the hernial ring was exposed and repaired with the AAM graft using an inlay technique. RESULTS All animals had an uneventful recovery without clinical signs of wound dehiscence, infection or recurrence of hernias during the 6-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION AAM of buffalo origin has adequate strength to be used safely for the repair of umbilical hernias in calves.

Primary chicken embryo fibroblasts seeded acellular dermal matrix (3-D ADM) improve regeneration of full thickness skin wounds in rats

Rat skins were deepithelialized and decellularized by hypertonic saline and sodium deoxycholate (SDC), respectively. Primary chicken embryo fibroblasts (P-CEF) were cultured and seeded on prepared acellular dermal matrix (ADM). A full thickness skin defect (20×20 mm(2)) was created in thirty-six rats and randomly divided into three equal groups. Defect was left open, repaired with ADM and ADM seeded with P-CEF (3-D ADM) in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. By day 28, the treated wounds healed completely without scar. By day 7 hydroxyproline contents was higher in group 3 as compared to groups 1 and 2. There was slightly more B cell response in animals implanted with ADM and 3-D ADM. At day 21, stimulation index was lower with acellular dermis antigen as compared to 3-D ADM antigen. In group 1 on day 3, the granulation tissue showed more inflammatory reaction, fibroplasia and neovascularization as compared to group 2 and 3. By day 28, there was complete epithelization was observed in all groups over. However, a large scar was observed in group 1. The graft was completely absorbed and replaced with densely thick and best arranged collagen fibers. On day 7, malonyldialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels were significantly (P<0.05) increased in group 1. Reduced glutathione values increased and reached to near normal in groups 2 and 3. Catalase values were significantly (P<0.05) higher in group 1 at different time intervals. SEM samples of group 2 showed ingrowth of fibroblasts into acellular matrix at host graft junction. However, in group 3 fibroblasts were infiltrated within the pores of graft. It was concluded that P-CEF cells seeded ADM facilitated early and better healing.

Studies on incidence and evaluation of the closed medial patellar desmotomy in lateral recumbency in bovines.

Aim: The present study was conducted to find out the incidence and to evaluate the effectiveness of medial patellar desmotomy (MPD) in lateral recumbency in bovines. Material and Methods: One hundred and fifteen clinical cases of upward fixation of the patella in cattle and buffaloes were treated by closed MPD in lateral recumbency. Probable etiologies, symptoms and site of surgery including disease occurrence with respect to species, sex and season were also recorded. Results: In the present study, the highest incidence was reported in bullocks. A high success rate was obtained with the closed method in lateral recumbency. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the bullocks were more prone to upward fixation of patella and symptoms were exaggerated in winter season. Closed method of MPD was more suited in both cattle and buffaloes.

Comparative histologic and immunologic evaluation of 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether crosslinked versus noncrosslinked acellular swim bladder matrix for healing of full-thickness skin wounds in rabbits.

BACKGROUND Collagen-rich extracellular matrix from land-based mammalian tissues is increasingly used in regenerative medicine. However, its uses are associated with risk of disease transfer and may carry an ethnocultural stigma. In the present study, collagen-rich acellular swim bladder matrix (ASBM) from Rohu fish was prepared using sodium deoxycholate and crosslinked with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDGE). Wound healing potential of ASBM and ASBM-BDDGE was compared in full-thickness skin wounds in rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four full-thickness skin wounds (20 × 20 mm(2) each) were created on the dorsum of 18 rabbits and randomly divided into three equal groups. Wounds were left open, repaired with ASBM and ASBM-BDDGE in groups sham (I), ASBM (II), and ASBM-BDDGE (III), respectively. Planimetry, contracture, immunologic, and histologic observations were carried out to evaluate wound healing. RESULTS Significantly (P < 0.05) lesser wound contraction was observed in ASBM (II) and ASBM-BDDGE (III) groups compared with sham (I) group. Total immunoglobulin G response in rabbit sera was decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the ASBM-BDDGE (III) group compared with ASBM (II) group by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Stimulation index of peripheral blood lymphocytes was decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the ASBM-BDDGE (III) group compared with ASBM (II) group by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Histologically, improved epithelialization, neovascularization, fibroplasia, and best arranged collagen fibers were observed in ASBM (II) and ASBM-BDDGE (III) groups as early as on postimplantation day 21. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study indicate that BDDGE crosslinked ASBM derived from Rohu fish has potential for the clinical applications. Furthermore, it is expected that their clinical applications will not be limited by ethnocultural stigma.

Carbon Fibre Mesh for the Repair of Abdominal Hernias in Bovines and Caprines: A Review of Nine Clinical Cases

During a 4-year period (2001-2005) 09 animals were surgically treated because of abdominal wall defects (hernia). Out of 9 animals 8 were bovines and one caprine. In each case the defect was repaired with carbon fibre mesh. All the cases were successfully treated and no complication was observed up to six months postoperatively.