A. L. Mossé

Plasma-thermal processing of toxic halogen-containing organic waste

Results of experimental plasma-thermal processing of halogen-containing organic waste at temperatures of 4000-5000 K are reported. Analyses of exhaust gases of waste processing by chemicoanalytical and mass-spectrometric methods show complete thermal decomposition of the waste.

Experimental-statistical investigation of heat exchange in a cylindrical mixing chamber of a three-jet plasma reactor

Results of experimental investigation of the heat exchange in a plasma module which incorporates a mixing chamber and three plasmatrons operating on it are generalized by the methods of physical modeling with the use of regression analysis. It is shown that the heat exchange in such a system is determined by the processes occurring in arc heaters. The most substantial influence is exerted by convection and radiation.

Heat‐Transfer Processes in a Plasma Reactor in Destruction of Pesticides

The possibility of using a multijet electric arc plasma‐chemical reactor for decontamination and destruction of different powder pesticides with an expired effective date and storage life which have not been used in agriculture is studied. Studies of heat transfer are conducted on a setup operating without processing of raw material and with supply of pesticides (isophen and butyl ester of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) to the reactor. The composition of waste gases at the reactor outlet is studied.

Plasma-thermal processing and incineration of wastes in a shaft incinerator with a combustible filtering material

The authors report the basic technological principles and the special features of a method of combined plasma-thermal processing and incineration of harmful wastes in a shaft incinerator under a layer of the charge of such a well-filtering and well-combustible material as wood sawdust, which absorbs up to 99% of the aerosols of waste gases by fixing and concentrating them in the ash. A calculated-analytical estimate of the filtration properties of wood sawdust is obtained as a function of its dispersity, the thickness of the charge layer, and the filtration rate of the waste gases. Determination is made of the optimum design relations and the parameters of charging of a filtering material under different conditions of processing of wastes, including moistening and impregnation of wood sawdust by an aqueous solution of sorbents to absorb harmful metals. The calculated results are compared and demonstrate consistency with the data on the filtration properties of wood sawdust in other technologies, including thermal processing of radioactive wastes in a similar shaft incinerator.

Thermal Processing of Wastes in a Shaft Incinerator with a Plasma Blast and a Combustible Filtering Material: Analysis of the Energy Consumption and Variants

As a continuation of previous publications, the authors report results of analytical substantiation and evaluation of energy consumption for different versions of thermal processing, incineration, and evaporation of a wide range of toxic and radioactive wastes in a shaft incinerator with plasma air blast beneath a layer of a charge of filtering and combustible material such as wood sawdust, which absorbs up to 98–99% of the aerosols of waste gases and fixes the aerosols in the ash. The volume and specific energy consumption of the plasma blast and also conditions and possibilities for eliminating it due to the intrinsic heat release of the wastes and wood sawdust by means of this method are determined. The expediency of incineration and vitrification of the ash residue of radioactive wastes separately in a small‐volume melting crucible is shown, which allows a no less than twofold decrease in the total energy consumption as compared to the combined version of such processing.

Analysis of Gases in the Process of Reprocessing of Pesticides in an Electric-Arc Plasma Reactor

The process of reprocessing of pesticides (with an expired storage life) based on isophene (C14H18O7N2) and butyl ether of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (Cl2C6H3OCH2COOCH2CH(CH3)2) in a plasma-chemical reactor with a three-jet chamber for mixing plasma jets has been investigated. The composition of the waste gas was investigated using absorption spectroscopy in the UV, visible, and IR wavelength ranges and also chromato-mass spectrometry with the aim of selecting an environmentally safe operation of the reactor.

Calculation of the filtering properties of a charged bed in a shaft process of plasmothermal treatment of radioactive waste

We consider a stationary problem of the filtration and precipitation of radioactive aerosols in a charged dense bed in a shaft process of plasmothermal treatment of solid lump radioactive waste for immobilization in a melt of a glass-forming charge. We perform a comparative analysis of calculations with known data and characteristics of absorption for fine and coarse filters and assess the filtering properties of the bed for the problem considered. The results of calculation are confirmed by the available experimental data.

Experimental study of a heterogeneous plasma flow in a reactor with a multijet mixing chamber

Results of opticospectroscopic measurements of a plasma flow containing particles of different materials (Al2O33, SiO2, kaolin, phosphorite, and chamotte sand) at the outlet of the mixing chamber of a plasma reactor are reported.

Structure of the plasma flow formed in multistream mixing chambers of different type

The results of spectral measurements of the temperatures of an air plasma flow are presented and analyzed.