A. Mannan

Determination of toxic elements in tea, leaves by instrumental neutron activation analysis

The concentration of certain toxic and essential elements in various brands of tea consumed locally were determined using instrumental neutron activation analysis. Transference of these elements into the drinkable portion was studied by brewing and boiling tea leaves for two minutes and the approximate intake was calculated from this data. The toxic effects of Hg, Se, As, Br and Sb are briefly discussed.

Trace Element Concentration in Egg-Yolk and Egg-White of Farm and Domestic Chicken Eggs

Abstract Instrumental neutron activation analysis technique was used for the determination of 21 trace elements in egg-yolk and egg-white of 90 farm and domestic chicken eggs. The range, arithmetic mean, geometric mean and median of each element were computed which indicate Gaussian distribution for Se, As, Sb, Cl, Fe, Zn, Na, K, Cs and In in each portion of the egg. The study indicates that the toxic elements are generally concentrated in egg-white whereas essential elements are mostly present in egg-yolk. The dietary intake of each element through farm egg was estimated and compared with daily requirement or tolerance levels.

Dietary evaluation of toxic elements through integrated diet

Several potentially toxic trace elements, namely, Hg, Pb, Cd, As, Sb, Br and Se have been measured by INAA in combination with AAS techniques in the integrated diet representative of the inhabitants of Gujranwala, a highly industrialized city of Pakistan. The dietary intake values for these elements have been estimated from the prevailing concentration level in the summer and winter season diets, which reveals that present intake data are well within the reported WHO values and can be considered to be safe. Posslble sources of food contamination by the toxic elements and their adverse impacts on human heaith are briefly discussed.

Determination of trace elements in integrated human diet for dietary assessment

Neutron activation analysis in combination with atomic absorption spectrometry was utilized for the determination of 21 elements in integrated diet samples of the inhabitants of the Rawalpindi/Isla...

Iodine determination in water samples from endemic goitrous areas using MAA

A rapid and simple method for the determination of iodine from water has been described which is based on preconcentration of iodine with 0.1M solution of 4-(5-nonylpyridine) in benzene or carbon tetrachloride from 1–2M HNO3 followed by neutron irradiation and gamma-ray activity measurements. A clinical survey of endemic goitrous area has also been made to find a possible correlation between the endemic goiter and iodine deficiency in water.

INAA OF TOXIC ELEMENTS IN COAL AND THEIR TRANSFER INTO ENVIRONMENTS

An instrumental neutron activation analytical (INAA) technique is described for the determination of 26 toxic and other trace elements in Eastern Coal (NBS SRM-1632a), local coal and its ash. The coal ash was produced by heating coal at 750°C in a muffled furnace. The transfer of these elements to the environment on the complete compustion of coal is estimated from the difference between the elemental concentration of coal and its ash.

Simultaneous determination of hafnium and zirconium in low grade uranium ores using INAA

A non-destructive neutron activation analysis technique has been developed for the determination of hafnium and zirconium in low grade uranium ores. In order to calculate the fission contribution of235U, thermal neutron absorption cross-section /σa/ for94Zr has been determined. The study shows that 1 g of uranium produces the same activity as from 10.03 g of zirconium. Based on this fact, the degree of interferences have been calculated for each sample and the necessary corrections have been applied. The values have been compared with the reported IAEA and NBS values.

Concentration and distribution of toxic elements in rice and husk.

Five varieties of rice have been analyzed to study the prevailing concentration and distribution of 10 trace elements in rice and rice husk. NAA in combination with AAS has been utilized for the determination of Hg, Pb, Cd, As, Br, Sb, Se, Ni, Al and Cs. The elemental ratios of rice to husk and within rice have been calculated to get information regarding their uptake channels. The daily supply of the elements to the human body has been estimated and from these the safety of the diet has been assessed by comparing with the suggested tolerance levels. A global distribution pattern of some of these elements in rice has also been evaluated.

Radiochemical separation of 99Mo, 99mTc and 131I from irradiated uranium

Abstract A rapid and simple method for the determination of molybdenum (99Mo), technetium (99mTc) and iodine (131I) from neutron irradiated uranium and its fission products has been developed. The procedure is based on the simultaneous extraction of these nuclides with 0.1 M solution of 4(5-nonylpyridine) in benzene from 2 M HNO3. These nuclides after back extraction into 8 M HNO3 were separated from each other by solvent extraction techniques.

ADSORPTION STUDIES OF RADIOACTIVE COBALT ON A MINERALS MIXTURE

Abstract Optimum physicochemical conditions have been identified for the removal of 60Co from nuclear industry and reactor effluents by using a naturally available lateritic minerals (LM) mixture. The adsorption behavior of 60Co on an LM from aqueous solution is reported by describing the effect of equilibration time, temperature, shaking time, hydrogen ions, adsorbent quantity, adsorbate concentration, leaching, and irradiation exposure. The data suggest an effective use of LM for isolation of 60Co from the effluent of reactor/radiochemical laboratories and subsequent long-time storage in reduced solid form.